2026-04-04T08:28:16Z https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/oai

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/84 2023-07-28T09:20:14Z JPH:ART driver

A KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM MENGATASI KONFLIK HORIZONTAL DI KABUPATEN KARO: Array sitepu, rehulina pratitis, sugih ayu Kearifan Lokal, Konflik, Masyarakat Local Wisdom, Conflict, Society The plurality of the Indonesian nation is one of the riches of the Indonesian nation which is rarely owned by other countries in the world. Each ethnic group in Indonesia has its own special customs and culture that become its identity. This does not mean that the existence of various ethnic groups with various special cultures must be eliminated in development. Development as a planned and desirable process must consider the existence of various ethnic groups and special cultures. Development should be carried out based on this reality which is harmonized with national interests.               The research method used in the preparation of this study is a qualitative method. A good study always pays attention to the compatibility between the techniques used with the flow of general thought and theoretical ideas. The word qualitative method can be interpreted as a technique or procedure and theoretical idea. In the context of qualitative research, each other presupposes each other. For example, in the foregoing descriptions it will be explained that the purpose of using qualitative methods is to seek a deep understanding of a phenomenon, fact or reality. Facts, reality, concepts, symptoms and events can only be understood if the researcher tracks them in a manner that is not limited to just a view on the surface. Local wisdom (local wisdom) is understood as local (local) ideas that are wise, full of wisdom, good value, embedded and followed by members of the community. Where local local enthusiasm has a very important role for local communities in solving problems / conflicts that exist in social life. Kemajemukan bangsa Indonesia merupakan salah satu kekayaan bangsa Indonesia yang jarang dimiliki oleh negara-negara lain di dunia. Masing-masing suku bangsa di Indonesia mempunyai adat-istiadat dan kebudayaan khusus tersendiri yang menjadi identitasnya. Hal ini bukan berarti bahwa adanya berbagai suku bangsa dengan berbagai kebudayaan khusus harus dihilangkan dalam pembangunan. Pembangunan sebagai suatu proses yang direncanakan dan diinginkan, harus mempertimbangkan adanya berbagai suku bangsa dan kebudayaan khusus tersebut. Pembangunan seyogyanya dilaksanakan berlandaskan kenyataan tersebut yang diserasikan dengan kepentingan nasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Suatu penelitian yang baik senantiasa memperhatikan kesesuaian antara teknik yang digunakan dengan alur pemikiran umum serta gagasan teoritis. Kata metode kualitatif' dapat diartika sebagai teknik atau prosedur dan gagasan teoritis. Dalam konteks penelitian kualitatif,saling mengandaikan satu sama lain. Seperti misalnya, dalam uraian-uraian ke depan akan dijelaskan bahwa tujuan penggunaan metode kualitatif adalah mencari pengertian yang mendalam tentang suatu gejala, fakta atau realita. Fakta, realita, rnasalah, gejala serta peristiwa hanya dapat dipaharni bila peneliti rnenelusurinya secara mendalarn dan tidak hanya terbatas pada pandangan di permukaan saja. Lokal wisdom (kearifan setempat) dipahami sebagai gagasan-gagasan setempat (lokal) yang bersifat bijaksana, penuh kearifan, bernilai baik, yang tertanam dan diikuti oleh anggota masyarakatnya. Dimana keraifan local setempat ini memiliki peranan yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat setempat dalam penyelesaian permasalahan/konflik yang ada pada kehidupan bermasyarkat Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/84 10.35447/jph.v1i1.84 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020; 1-15 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/84/54 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/87 2022-08-22T04:11:04Z JPH:ART driver

IMPLEMENTASI TERHADAP STATUS HUKUM, HAK DAN KEDUDUKAN ANAK LUAR KAWIN PASCA KELUARNYA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TENTANG UJI MATERIL UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN: Array IMPLEMENTASI TERHADAP STATUS HUKUM, HAK DAN KEDUDUKAN ANAK LUAR KAWIN PASCA KELUARNYA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TENTANG UJI MATERIL UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN: Array Sommaliagustina, Desi Status Hukum, Anak Menikah, Mahkamah Konstitusi, Hukum Perkawinan Legal Status, Married Children, Constitutional Court, Marriage Law Since the issuance of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010, the contents granted the request of Machica Mochtar who was married to Moerdiono in an Islamic way but was not listed. From the marriage a boy named Muhammad Iqbal Ramadhan was born. After the Constitutional Court's decision was issued, the status of an extramarital child not only had civil relations with his mother and family, but also had civil relations with his father and father's family. MK decisions have broad implications, because children outside of marriage include children born of marriage that are religiously valid but not recorded, and children born from adultery. Sejak dikeluarkannya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010, isinya mengabulkan permintaan Machica Mochtar yang menikah dengan Moerdiono dengan cara Islam tetapi tidak terdaftar. Dari pernikahan seorang anak laki-laki bernama Muhammad Iqbal Ramadhan lahir. Setelah keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dikeluarkan, status anak di luar nikah tidak hanya memiliki hubungan sipil dengan ibu dan keluarganya, tetapi juga memiliki hubungan sipil dengan ayah dan keluarga ayahnya. Keputusan MK memiliki implikasi luas, karena anak-anak di luar pernikahan termasuk anak-anak yang lahir dari pernikahan yang sah secara agama tetapi tidak dicatat, dan anak-anak yang lahir dari perzinahan. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/87 10.35447/jph.v1i1.87 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020; 16-27 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/87/55 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/88 2022-08-22T04:11:04Z JPH:ART driver

TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KEDUDUKAN ANAK DARI PERKAWINAN SIRI MENURUT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM: Array TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KEDUDUKAN ANAK DARI PERKAWINAN SIRI MENURUT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM: Array sinaga, Dearma Perkawinan, Perkawinan Siri, Anak Marriage, Siri Marriage, Children The nature of marriage is a legal relationship between subjects who are bound in marriage (in this case what is meant is between a man and a woman). Marriage under Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974 is considered as an agreement (agreement) provided that the word agreement is taken in a broad sense. Because to get married requires a corresponding will between a man and a woman as well as information about the existence of the will. The term siri or secret marriage is already known among the ulemas. It's just that siri marriage which was known in the past is different in understanding from siri marriage at the present time. Previously what was meant by siri marriage is marriage in accordance with the pillars of marriage and the conditions according to the Shari'ah, it's just that witnesses were asked not to notify the occurrence of the marriage to the public, to the public, and naturally there was no walimatul-ursy. The siri marriage known by the people of Indonesia today is a marriage carried out by a guardian or deputy guardian and witnessed by witnesses, but not performed before the Marriage Registrar as an official government official or not registered at the Office of Religious Affairs for those who are Muslim or in Civil Registry Office for non-Muslims.The research method used in the preparation of this study is a qualitative method. A good study always pays attention to the suitability of the techniques used with general thought flow and theoretical ideas. The word 'qualitative method' can be interpreted as a technique or procedure and a theoretical idea. In the context of qualitative research, they presuppose each other. For example, in the foregoing descriptions it will be explained that the purpose of using qualitative methods is to seek a deep understanding of a phenomenon, fact or reality. Facts, reality, problems, symptoms and events can only be understood if the researchers trace them internally and are not limited to surface views.Legislation in force in Indonesia does not recognize the term children born as a result of a marital siri, besides that there is also no mention of the meaning of the term out of wedlock, in the legislation only mentions the notion of a legitimate child, which is contained in article 42 The Marriage Law states that the definition of a legitimate child is a child born as a result of a legal marriage, and article 99 KHI states the understanding of a legitimate child that is a child born as a result of a legal marriage or the result of fertilization between a legitimate husband and wife outside the wife's womb and born by the wife, so to find out the meaning of children outside of marriage must be forced to understand with the opposite meaning to these articles, namely that the child outside of marriage is a child who was not born in or as a result of a legal marriage or child which is not produced from fertilization legal husband and wife outside the womb and born by the wife. Hakikat perkawinan adalah merupakan hubungan hukum antara subjek-subjek yang mengikatkan diri dalam perkawinan (dalam hal ini yang dimaksud ialah antar seorang pria dengan seorang wanita). Perkawinan  menurut Undang-undang Perkawinan No. 1 Tahun 1974 dianggap sebagaisuatu perjanjian (persetujuan) asalkan  kata perjanjian diambil dalam arti yang luas. Sebab untuk melangsungkan perkawinan diperlukan adanya kehendak yang bersesuaian antara seorang pria dengan  seorang wanita serta keterangan tentang adanya kehendak tersebut. Istilah nikah siri atau nikah yang dirahasiakan memang sudah dikenal di kalangan para ulama. Hanya saja nikah siri yang dikenal pada masa dahulu berbeda pengertiannya dengan nikah siri pada saat ini. Dahulu yang dimaksud dengan nikah siri yaitu pernikahan sesuai dengan rukun-rukun perkawinan dan syaratnya menurut syari’at, hanya saja saksi diminta tidak memberitahukan terjadinya pernikahan tersebut kepada khalayak ramai, kepada masyarakat, dan dengan sendirinya tidak ada walimatul-‟ursy. Adapun nikah siri yang dikenal oleh masyarakat Indonesia sekarang ini adalah pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh wali atau wakil wali dan disaksikan oleh para saksi, tetapi tidak dilakukan di hadapan Petugas Pencatat Nikah sebagai aparat resmi pemerintah atau tidak dicatatkan di Kantor Urusan Agama bagi yang beragama Islam atau di Kantor Catatan Sipil bagi yang tidak beragama Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Suatu penelitian yang baik senantiasa memperhatikan kesesuaian antara teknik yang digunakan dengan alur pemikiran umum serta gagasan teoritis. Kata metode kualitatif' dapat diartika sebagai teknik atau prosedur dan gagasan teoritis. Dalam konteks penelitian kualitatif,saling mengandaikan satu sama lain. Seperti misalnya, dalam uraian-uraian ke depan akan dijelaskan bahwa tujuan penggunaan metode kualitatif adalah mencari pengertian yang mendalam tentang suatu gejala, fakta atau realita. Fakta, realita, rnasalah, gejala serta peristiwa hanya dapat dipaharni bila peneliti rnenelusurinya secara mendalarn dan tidak hanya terbatas pada pandangan di permukaan saja. Peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia tidak mengenal istilah anak yang dilahirkan akibat dari perkawinan siri, selain itu juga tidak ada yang menyebutkan tentang pengertian istilah anak luar kawin, dalam peraturan perundang-undangan hanya menyebutkan tentang pengertian anak sah, yaitu terdapat dalam pasal 42 Undang-undang Perkawinan menyebutkan bahwa pengertian anak sah yaitu anak yang dilahirkan sebagai akibat dari suatu perkawinan yang sah, serta pasal 99 KHI menyebutkan pengertian tentang anak sah yaitu anak yang dilahirkan sebagai akibat dari perkawinan yang sah atau hasil dari pembuahan antara suami dan istri yang sah di luar rahim istri dan dilahirkan oleh istri tersebut, sehingga untuk mengetahui pengertian anak luar kawin terpaksa harus memahami dengan arti yang berlawanan terhadap pasal-pasal tersebut, yaitu bahwa anak luar kawin adalah anak yang tidak dilahirkan dalam atau sebagai akibat dari perkawinan yang sah atau anak yang tidak dihasilkan dari pembuahan suami istri yang sah di luar rahim dan dilahirkan oleh istri tersebut. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/88 10.35447/jph.v1i1.88 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020; 28-44 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/88/56 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/89 2022-08-22T04:11:04Z JPH:ART driver

Aspek Hukum Terhadap Wanprestasi Dalam Perjanjian Sewa Menyewa Menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata: Array Aspek Hukum Terhadap Wanprestasi Dalam Perjanjian Sewa Menyewa Menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata: Array Pohan, Mahalia Nola Hidayani, Sri Perjanjian, Sewa-Menyewa, Wanprestasi Agreements, Rentals, Breach of Contract Renting is an agreement with which one party binds itself to give to the other party to using of an item for a certain time and with a payment of a price which latter the party is able to pay. The rights and obligations of the parties on leasing agreement, the rights of the party that rents out are the rights to be received by the party who rents out. The leasing party has the right to rent which must be paid by the lessee at a certain time in accordance with the lease agreement. The renting party has the right to pandbeslag, which is the seizure carried out by the court on leasing applications such as furniture that is at home rented in the event that the tenant is in arrears of rent for auction if the tenant does not pay the arrears in full. The leasing party has the right to request the cancellation of the agreement and compensation. The right of the lessor is to give back the object that is leased to the tenant, maintaining the object that is leased so that it can be used for the intended purpose. The lease agreement ends with breach of contract before the expiry of the lease agreement can expire on its own at a certain time, after being stopped with due regard to a certain grace period. Even though a lease is a consensual agreement, but by law there is a difference between a written rental and an oral lease. Sewa menyewa adalah suatu persetujuan dengan mana pihak yang satu mengikat dirinya untuk memberikan kepada pihak yang lain kenikmatan dari suatu barang selama suatu waktu tertentu dan dengan pembayaran sesuatu harga yang oleh pihak yang tersebut terakhir itu disanggupi pembayarannya. Hak dan kewajiban para pihak dalam perjanjian sewa menyewa, Hak pihak yang menyewakan adalah hak-hak yang akan diterima oleh pihak yang menyewakan adalah Pihak yang menyewakan berhak atas uang sewa yang harus dibayar oleh penyewa pada waktu tertentu sesuai dengan perjanjian sewa menyewa. Pihak yang menyewakan berhak atas pandbeslag, yaitu penyitaan yang dilakukan oleh pengadilan atas permohonan yang menyewakan seperti mengenai perabot-perabot rumah yang berada dirumah yang disewakan dalam hal penyewa menunggak uang sewa rumah untuk dilelang dalam hal penyewa tidak membayar lunas tunggakan uang sewa itu. Pihak yang menyewakan berhak meminta pembatalan perjanjian dan ganti rugi. Hak pemberi sewa adalah menyerahkan benda yang disewakan kepada penyewa, memelihara benda yang disewakan sedemikian sehingga benda itu dapat dipakai untuk keperluan yang dimaksudkan. Perjanjian sewa menyewa berakhir dengan wanprestasi sebelum habis waktu perjanjian yaiu persetujuan sewa menyewa dapat berakhir dengan sendirinya pada waktu tertentu, setelah dihentikan dengan memperhatikan suatu tenggang tertentu. Meskipun sewa menyewa merupakan suatu perjanjian yang konsensuil, namun oleh undang-undang diadakan perbedaan antara sewa tertulis dan sewa lisan.   Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/89 10.35447/jph.v1i1.89 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020; 45-58 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/89/57 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/90 2022-08-22T04:11:04Z JPH:ART driver

PERBANDINGAN ANTARA ASPEK HUKUM PERBANKAN DALAM SYARIAH DAN HUKUM PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL: Array PERBANDINGAN ANTARA ASPEK HUKUM PERBANKAN DALAM SYARIAH DAN HUKUM PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL: Array pratitis, sugih ayu Bank, Development, Sharia, People's Welfare Bank, Pembangunan, Syariah, Kesejahteraan rakyat. It cannot be denied that development requires significant and sustainable funding. In the case of mobilizing public funds, the role of banking institutions cannot be ruled out. Bank as an institution that works based on public trust, has a very strategic role and position in national development. As an intermediary institution for public finance, the bank becomes the intermediary media for those who have excess funds and those who lack. Based on data findings, in Indonesia banking institutions have a mission and function as development agents, namely as an institution that aims to support the implementation of national development in order to improve equity, economic growth and national stability towards improving the welfare of the people at large. Banks in addition to influencing the business world have also absorbed a lot of labor. The development of the world economy is moving rapidly along with the progress of the economy that continues to develop in a country. Tidak dapat disangkal bahwa pembangunan memerlukan dana yang tidak sedikit dan berkesinambungan. Dalam hal pengerahan dana masyarakat tidak dapat di kesampingkan peranan lembaga perbankan. Bank sebagai lembaga yang bekerja berdasarkan kepercayaan masyarakat, memeliki peran dan posisi yang sangat strategis dalam pembangunan nasional. Sebagai lembaga perantara keuangan masyarakat, bank menjadi media perantara pihak- pihak yang memiliki kelebihan dana dengan pikah- pihak kekurangan.Berdasarkan temuan data, di Indonesia lembaga perbankan memiliki misi dan fungsi sebagai agen pembangunan, yaitu sebagai lembaga yang bertujuan menunjang pelaksanaan pembangunan nasional dalam rangka meningkatkan pemerataan, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan stabilitas nasional kearah peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat banyak. Bank selain berpengaruh terhadap dunia usaha juga telah banyak menyerap tenaga kerja. Perkembangan perekonomian dunia berlaju dengan pesat seiring dengan adanya kemajuan perekonomian yang terus berkembang dalam suatu negara. Dari uraian diatas bertambah jelaslah bahwa selain mengemban tugas sebagai agent of development dalam kaitannya dengan kredit yang diberikan, bank juga bertindakselaku agent of trust, yakni dalam kaitannya dengan pelayanan/ jasa- jasa yang diberikan baik perorangan maupun kelompok/ perusahaan, yang tujuannya untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/90 10.35447/jph.v1i1.90 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020; 59-69 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/90/43 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/242 2023-07-28T09:26:49Z JPH:ART driver

PERLINDUNGAN HUTAN MANGROVE DI KAWASAN PANTAI LABU KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG: Array PERLINDUNGAN HUTAN MANGROVE DI KAWASAN PANTAI LABU KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG: Array SH,M.Hum, rehulina sitorus, andi putra Perlindungan Hutan Mangrove Pantai Labu Forest Protection, Mangrove Forest, Labu Beach In Indonesia, mangrove forests grow and spread throughout the archipelago, starting from Sumatra Island to Irian Island. According to Darsidi (1982), the area of ​​mangrove forest is estimated at 4.25 million hectares, while according to Giesen's (1993) report, the area of ​​mangrove forest in 1993 was estimated to be around 2.49 million hectares. According to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of 2009 concerning Protection and Management of the Environment Article 1 point 2, Environmental protection and management are systematic and integrated efforts undertaken to preserve environmental functions and prevent environmental pollution and / or damage which includes planning, utilization, control, maintenance, supervision and law enforcement, so that the forest must be protected. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method. Qualitative research method is a method used to answer research problems related to data in the form of narratives originating from interviews, observation, document research. Secondary data consists of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials, namely: Primary legal materials, namely legal materials that comply with applicable laws and regulations, secondary legal materials, namely legal materials that provide an explanation of the legal materials Primary legal materials obtained from literature studies in the form of literature related to research problems, Tertiary legal materials, namely legal materials that provide instructions and explanations for primary and secondary legal materials related to this research, including newspapers, internet, legal dictionaries , and the Big Indonesian dictionary. According to Article 1 number 2 Law Number 32 Year 2009 concerning Protection and Management of the Environment, namely Protection and management of the environment is a systematic and integrated effort carried out to preserve environmental functions and prevent environmental pollution and / or damage which includes planning, utilization, control, maintenance, supervision and law enforcement. Di Indonesia, hutan mangrove tumbuh dan tersebar diseluruh Nusantara, mulai dari Pulau Sumatera sampai dengan Pulau Irian. Menurut Darsidi (1982) luas hutan mangrove diperkirakan sekitar 4,25 juta hektar, sedangkan menurut laporan Giesen (1993) luas hutan mangrove pada tahun 1993 diperkirakan sekitar 2,49 juta hektar. Menurut Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan Dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Pasal 1 angka 2, Perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup adalah upaya sistematis dan terpadu yang dilakukan untuk melestarikan fungsi lingkungan hidup dan mencegah terjadinya pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup yang meliputi perencanaan, pemanfaatan, pengendalian, pemeliharaan, pengawasan, dan penegakan hukum, sehingga huta harus dilindungi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualititatif.  Metode penelitian kualitatif merupakan suatu cara yang digunakan untuk menjawab masalah penelitian yang berkaitan dengan data berupa narasi yang bersumber dari aktivitas wawancara, pengamatan, pengalian dokumen. Data sekunder terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier yaitu: Bahan Hukum Primer, yaitu bahan-bahan hukum yang mengikuti peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, Bahan hukum sekunder, yaitu bahan-bahan hukum yang memberikan penjelasan mengenai bahan-bahan hukum primer yang diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan berupa literature-literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan penelitian, Bahan hukum tersier, yaitu bahan hukum yang memberikan petunjuk maupun penjelasan terhadap bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini diataranya adalah surat kabar, internet, kamus Hukum,dan kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Menurut Pasal 1 angka 2 UU NOMOR 32 TAHUN 2009 tentang Perlindungan Dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup yaitu Perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup adalah upaya sistematis dan terpadu yang dilakukan untuk melestarikan fungsi lingkungan hidup dan mencegah terjadinya pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup yang meliputi perencanaan, pemanfaatan, pengendalian, pemeliharaan, pengawasan, dan penegakan hukum. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-11-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/242 10.35447/jph.v1i2.242 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020; 1-8 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/242/149 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/243 2022-08-22T04:25:14Z JPH:ART driver

PELESTARIAN HUTAN MANGROVE DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM DI KAWASAN PANTAI LABU KABUPATEN DELI- SERDANG: Array : Hutan mangrove, manfaat, partisipasi masyarakat, UU Mangrove forest, benefits, community participation, law In essence, mangrove forests are woody plants that live on the coastline which have a function to maintain biological ecosystems in order to be balanced and can maintain the continuity of human life and the lives of other living creatures. Earth as a place for humans to do activities, requires a good environment to survive. Maintaining a good and healthy environment is the dream of every human being because a maintained environment can provide a comfortable atmosphere for human survival. Mangrove ecosystems (mangroves) are ecosystems located in coastal areas which are affected by the tides of sea water so that the floors are always flooded. Mangrove ecosystems are between the highest rising tide levels to levels around or above mean sea level in protected coastal areas, and support a variety of ecosystem services along coastlines in tropical regions The research method used in the preparation of this study is a qualitative method. A good research always pays attention to the suitability of the techniques used with general lines of thought and theoretical ideas. The word qualitative methods' can be defined as techniques or theoretical ideas and procedures. In the context of qualitative research, mutually supposing one another. For example, in future descriptions it will be explained that the purpose of using qualitative methods is to seek a deep understanding of a phenomenon, fact or reality. Facts, reality, problems, symptoms and events can only be understood if the researcher investigates them in a deep way and is not limited to the surface view. Mangroves also have many benefits for the stability of the estuary ecosystem. Especially for coastal communities. Some of the benefits of mangrove forests: protect the coast from erosion and abrasion caused by river water and sea water, protect people's homes from storms and winds from the sea, prevent sea water intrusion, as a shelter and shelter for wild animals, can produce materials natural resources that have economic value, have educational and tourism potential, mitigate climate change through absorption of CO2 from the air. Apart from these benefits, there are other benefits that are quite important, namely as a stabilizer for river banks and coastal areas and provide growth dynamics in coastal areas. So it is necessary to have participation from the community in order to preserve the mangrove forest in the pumpkin beach area. Pada hakikatnya hutan mangrove adalah tumbuhan berkayu yang hidup digaris pantai yang mempunyai fungsi untuk menjaga ekosistem hayati agar dapat seimbang dan dapat mempertahankan kelangsungan kehidupan manusia dan kehidupan mahluk hidup yang lain. Bumi sebagai tempat manusia untuk beraktifitas, membutuhkan lingkungan yang baik untuk tetap bisa bertahan hidup. Terjaganya lingkungan yang baik dan sehat merupakan dambaan setiap manusia disebabkan lingkungan yang terjaga dapat memberikan suasana yang nyaman untuk kelangsungan hidup manusia. Ekosistem mangrove (bakau) adalah ekosistem yang berada di daerah tepi pantai yang dipengaruhi oleh pasang surut air laut sehingga lantainya selalu tergenang air. Ekosistem mangrove berada di antara level pasang naik tertinggi sampai level di sekitar atau di atas permukaan laut rata-rata pada daerah pantai yang terlindungi, dan menjadi pendukung berbagai jasa ekosistem di sepanjang garis pantai di kawasan tropis Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Suatu penelitian yang baik senantiasa memperhatikan kesesuaian antara teknik yang digunakan dengan alur pemikiran umum serta gagasan teoritis. Kata metode kualitatif' dapat diartikan sebagai teknik atau prosedur dan gagasan teoritis. Dalam konteks penelitian kualitatif,saling mengandaikan satu sama lain. Seperti misalnya, dalam uraian-uraian ke depan akan dijelaskan bahwa tujuan penggunaan metode kualitatif adalah mencari pengertian yang mendalam tentang suatu gejala, fakta atau realita. Fakta, realita, rnasalah, gejala serta peristiwa hanya dapat dipaharni bila peneliti rnenelusurinya secara mendalarn dan tidak hanya terbatas pada pandangan di permukaan saja. Mangrove juga memiliki manfaat yang cukup banyak bagi kestabilan ekosistem muara. Khususnya bagi masyarakat pesisir. Beberapa manfaat dari hutan mangrove : melindungi pantai dari erosi dan abrasi yang disebabkan oleh air sungai dan air laut, melindungi rumah penduduk dari terpaan badai dan angin dari laut, mencegah intrusi air laut, sebagai tempat tinggal dan berlindung hewan liar, dapat menghasilkan bahan-bahan alami yang dapat berniali ekonomis, memiliki potensi edukasi dan wisata, mitigasi perubahan iklim melalui penyerapan CO2 dari udara. Selain manfaat tersebut, ada manfaat lain yang cukup penting yaitu sebagai stabilisator tepian sungai dan pesisir dan memberikan dinakmika pertumbuhan dikawasan pesisir. Sehingga perlu adanya partisipasi dari masyarakat agar dapat melestarikan hutan mangrove dikawasan pantai labu tersebut. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-11-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/243 10.35447/jph.v1i2.243 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020; 9-18 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/243/148 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/245 2022-08-22T04:25:14Z JPH:ART driver

KESEPAKATAN PENIADAAN JAMINAN PENGADAAN DALAM KONTRAK PENGADAAN BARANG (STUDI KASUS PT. W DENGAN PT. A): Array Kelvin, Yos Government procurement, contract, Procurement guarantee, Default Pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah, perjanjian, jaminan Pengadaan, Wanprestasi. Goods/service procurement involves some parties and In this case, the procurement is made by PT. A As the users, and PT. W acts as the provider. Two of the most frequently guarantee practice said to be same yet not similar are Surety Bond and Guarantee Banks. This thesis is a combination of qualitative empirical research and statute approach with goods/service procurement as its object. The data are sourced from analysis of clauses in the contract based on interviews with respondents. Goods/service procurement guarantee is the accidental element that has to be firmly agreed by all parties. It supports the efficiency of the procurement in order to reduce the risk for default by provider in completing its obligation until the end date of contract period. Effectiveness will be achieved when all parties comply with the provisions of guarantee in line with its procedures and obligations stipulated in the Presidential regulation No. 16/2018 on Government Goods/Service Procurement. The absence of guarantee statement in the clauses may trigger tendency of criminal act of corruption among irresponsible parties thus, potentially detrimental to the country's finances. Whereas, there are sanction imposed, according to Article 97 in the Law No. 40/2007 on Limited Liability Companies, the directors who signed the contract are obliged to be liable for the mistake.   Pengadaan barang dan jasa melibatkan beberapa pihak, dalam kasus ini pelaksanaan pengadaan dilakukan oleh PT. A sebagai pengguna dan PT. W sebagai penyedianya. Dua jenis Praktik Penjaminan yang sering dikatakan serupa tapi tak sama adalah Surety Bond dan Bank Garansi. Penelitian tesis ini merupakan gabungan penelitian empiris kualitatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dari kontrak pengadaan barang/jasa yang menjadi objek penelitian. Pengumpulan data berasal dari analisis klausula di dalam kontrak berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan responden. Penjaminan pengadaan barang/jasa merupakan unsur aksidentalia yang harus diperjanjikan secara tegas oleh para pihak. Jaminan pengadaan barang/jasa mendukung efisiensi perjanjian pengadaan barang untuk pengurangan resiko wanprestasi dalam hal penyedia gagal menyelesaikan pekerjaan sampai masa pelaksanaan kontrak berakhir. Efektivitas juga dapat dicapai apabila para pihak mematuhi ketentuan penjaminan yang telah diatur dalam Perpres No. 16 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah. Tanpa adanya pemuatan klausula jaminan bisa memicu tendensi tindak pidana korupsi oleh oknum-oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab sehingga berpotensi merugikan keuangan negara. Sedangkan, ada sanksi yang dikenakan, sesuai Pasal 97 dalam UU No 40/2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, direksi yang menandatangani kontrak wajib bertanggung jawab atas kesalahan tersebut. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-12-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/245 10.35447/jph.v1i2.245 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020; 19-33 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/245/150 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/246 2022-08-22T04:25:14Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP AKIBAT HUKUM PEMBATALAN AKTA JUAL BELI KARENA STATUS KEPEMILIKAN YANG TIDAK SAH (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 2514 K/Pdt/2019): Array Karimah, Rifda Legal Consequences, Sale and Purchase Deed, Grant Deed, Illegal Action Akibat Hukum, Akta Jual Beli, Akta Hibah, Perbuatan Melawan Hukum The title of this research is "Juridical Analysis of the Legal Consequences of Cancellation of Sales and Purchase Deeds Due to Unauthorized Ownership (Study of the Supreme Court Decision Number 2514 K / Pdt / 2019)". Sale and purchase is an agreement in which the party who owns the land (the seller) binds himself to hand over his rights to the land which is subject to another party (the buyer). Transfer of land rights can not only be through buying and selling, exchanging, but can be through grants or because of inheritance. The problem that often arises as a result of grants is the lack of a Grant Deed owned by the grantee from the grantee, which then results in a dispute between the family of the donor and the recipient of the grant, especially the object being granted a piece of land. The land grant should have strong or valid evidence in this case the Grant Deed. Based on the results of the research, it is found that the legal protection to the injured party for the cancellation of the sale and purchase deed must be seen in the good faith of the parties in implementing the sale and purchase deed. If the sale and purchase deed is canceled and suffers a loss, it asks for compensation for costs purchased by the buyer in the context of purchase and delivery and can file compensation to the court. The cancellation of the sale and purchase deed made by PPAT is in accordance with the legal procedures in Government Regulation Number 10 of 1961 and Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. The legal consequences of the cancellation of grants and the cancellation of the land sale and purchase deed made by PPAT in the Supreme Court decision Number 2514 K / Pdt / 2019 were parties that were the legal consequences of the Supreme Court decision Number: 2514 K / Pdt / 2019 which were carried out against Defendant I and Defendant II jointly and severally paid the costs incurred in this case. Judul penelitian ini adalah “Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Akibat Hukum Dari Pembatalan Akta Jual Beli Karena Kepemilikan Yang Tidak Sah (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2514 K/Pdt/2019)”. Jual beli merupakan suatu perjanjian dalam mana pihak yang mempunyai tanah (penjual) berjanji dan mengikatkan diri untuk menyerahkan haknya atas tanah yang bersangkutan kepada pihak lain (pembeli). Peralihan hak atas tanah tidak hanya dapat melalui jual beli, tukar-menukar, namun dapat melalui hibah ataupun karena pewarisan. Masalah yang sering sekali timbul akibat hibah yaitu kurangnya Akta Hibah yang dimiliki oleh penerima hibah dari pemberi hibah yang kemudian memunculkan sengketa antara keluarga si pemberi hibah dan penerima hibah terkhusus benda yang di hibah kan adalah sebidang tanah. Penghibahan tanah seharusnya memiliki bukti yang kuat atau sah dalam hal ini Akta Hibah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Perlindungan hukum kepada para pihak yang dirugikan atas pembatalan akta jual beli harus dilihat pada iktikad baik dari para pihak dalam pelaksanaan akta jual beli. Apabila akta jual beli dibatalkan dan mengalami kerugian yaitu meminta ganti biaya yang dikeluarkan pembeli dalam rangka pembelian dan penyerahan serta dapat mengajukan tuntutan ganti rugi ke pengadilan. Pembatalan akta jual beli yang dibuat PPAT sudah sesuai dengan tata cara yang sah dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 10 Tahun 1961 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah. Akibat hukum pembatalan hibah dan pembatalan akta jual beli tanah yang di buat oleh PPAT dalam putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2514 K/Pdt/2019 yaitu pihak Adapun akibat hukum dari putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor : 2514 K/Pdt/2019 ini yaitu ditujukan terhadap tergugat I dan Tergugat II secara tanggung renteng membayar biaya yang ditimbulkan dalam perkara ini. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-12-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/246 10.35447/jph.v1i2.246 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020; 34-57 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/246/151 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/247 2022-08-22T04:25:14Z JPH:ART driver

KARAKTERISTIK PERJANJIAN KREDIT PENSIUN PADA PT. BANK TABUNGAN PENSIUNAN NASIONAL TBK KANTOR CABANG PEMBANTU BINJAI: Array Pratiwi, Ayu Pension Credit, Agreement, Credit, Pension Kredit Pensiun, Perjanjian, Kredit, Pensiun Retirement is one of government’s policies on employees, based on their age. Article 239, Paragraph 2 of PP (Government Regulation) No. 11/2017 states that “(2) Age limit for retirement as it is specified in paragraph 1, a. 58 years old for administrative employees, ahli muda functional employees, ahli muda functional employees, and skilled functional employees, b. 60 years old for higher manager and madya functional officials, and 65 years old for ahli madya (top managers). Most of the government employees face various mental, economic, and sosial problems approaching their retirement period. They fee that their annuity is not adequate to meet their needs in retirement so that some of them borrow maney from BTPN.                The research used judicial empirical method with descriptive qualitative approach which was aimed to describe or describe existing facts relating to the Characteristics of the Pension Credit Agreement at PT. National Pension Savings Bank Tbk Binjai Sub-Branch Office. By using data sources from primary data and secondary data, secondary data consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials through library research which is analyzed qualitatively.               The Pension Credit Agreement is an anonymous agreement (onbenoemd overeenkomst) which is made in writing in standard form and is made under hand so that it does not have perfect proof in front of the court. Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Amendments to Law Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking contradicts article 28i paragraph 2 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of the second amendment and is against the principle of balance, so that the legal consequence of this imbalance is making an Agreement This pension credit is faulty at the beginning of the juridical period, so it needs to be revised. Pensiun merupakan salah satu kebijakan  pemerintah yang diterapkan untuk para pekerja/karyawan yang didasarkan pada usia Dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 11 Tahun 2017 pada pasal 239 ayat (2),  juga menegaskan bahwa: “(2) Batas Usia Pensiun sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) yaitu: a. 58 (lima puluh delapan) tahun bagi pejabat administrasi, pejabat fungsional ahli muda, pejabat fungsional ahli pertama, dan pejabat fungsional keterampilan; b. 60 (enam puluh) tahun bagi pejabat pimpinan tinggi dan pejabat fungsional madya; dan c. 65 (enam puluh lima) tahun bagi PNS yang memangku pejabat fungsional ahli utama. Sebagian besar pegawai negeri sipil banyak mengalami permasalahan menjelang masa pensiun baik masalah mental, ekonomi maupun secara sosial. Gaji pensiun yang diberikan oleh Negara setiap bulan sebagai pengganti penghasilan tetap pada umumnya tidak cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup di masa pensiun. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut, pensiunan mengambil kredit pensiun di btpn. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Yuridis Empiris yang bersifat penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu suatu penelitian yang menggambarkan atau melukiskan fakta-fakta dan keadaan ataupun gejala yang tampak bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan fakta-fakta yang ada berkaitan dengan Karakteristik Perjanjian Kredit Pensiun pada PT. Bank Tabungan Pensiun Nasional Tbk Kantor Cabang Pembantu Binjai. dengan Menggunakan sumber data dari data primer dan data sekunder, data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier melalui penelitian kepustakaan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Perjanjian Kredit Pensiun merupakan perjanjian tidak bernama (onbenoemd overeenkomst) yang dibuat secara tertulis dalam bentuk baku dan dibuat dibawah tangan sehingga tidak memiliki Pembuktian yang sempurna didepan pengadilan. Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perbankan bertentangan pasal 28i ayat 2 Undang – Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 amandemen kedua dan berlawanan dengan asas keseimbangan, sehingga Akibat hukum dari ketidak seimbangan ini membuat Perjanjian Kredit Pensiun ini cacat diawal yuridis sehingga perlu direvisi. Universitas Harapan Medan 2020-12-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/247 10.35447/jph.v1i2.247 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020; 58-82 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v1i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/247/152 Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/268 2022-11-22T09:49:50Z JPH:ART driver

Pengalihan Kreditur Melalui Ceasie (Studi Kasus Pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Indosurya): Array PENGALIHAN KREDITUR MELALUI CEASIE （STUDI KASUS PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM INDOSURYA ）: Array Julianita Koto, Sri Eni Cessie Indosurya Savings and Loans Cooperative Indosurya Inti Finance The state of liquidation of each bank and non-bank financial institution is strongly affected by social and economic conditions, both on a national and international scale. In order for lending (loans) to continue to run, it is known that the accounts receivable transfer agency is known as cessie. Based on Article 613 of the Civil Code, it is stated that the delivery of receivables in the name and other bodily objects is carried out by making an authentic deed or deed under the hands of which the rights to property are delegated to others. The delivery of these receivables has no effect on the debtor before delivery is notified and approved in writing or acknowledged by the Debtor / Borrower. The existence of an authentic deed or underhand deed is needed as a way of transferring or transferring ownership rights over the receivables in question from the creditor to a third party. The role and authority of a Notary in the making of cessie documents, as regulated in the notary office law, namely "Notary is a public official who has the authority to make authentic deeds and has other powers as referred to in the notary office law. Receivables transferred by cessie are a claims held by creditors against their debtors which are claims on behalf of. In principle, a bill in the name shows clearly and definitely about the creditor who is entitled to receive payment. This occurred in the transfer of accounts receivable between the Indosurya Savings and Loans Cooperative (Old Creditors) and Indosurya Inti Finance (As the new creditors). The transfer of accounts receivable that occurs between the Indosurya Savings and Loans Cooperative and Indosurya Inti Finance has a legal effect on the collateral binding that has been installed by the mortgage and has legal consequences for the borrower / debtor of the Indosurya savings and loan cooperative who switches from the Cooperative Borrower who is subject to the regulations of the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small Business and Medium to become Indosurya Inti finance debtors who are subject to the regulations of the Financial Services Authority.The problems in this research, among others: How is the transfer of accounts receivable by cessie and the consequences for guarantees of mortgage rights, How is the implementation of collection of accounts receivable (cessie) made with a notary deed, How is the implementation of cessie in indosurya savings and loan cooperatives. The problems in this study include: How is the transfer of accounts receivable by cessie and the consequences for guarantees of mortgage rights, How is the implementation of collection of accounts receivable (cessie) made with a notary deed, How is the implementation of cessie in indosurya savings and loan cooperatives. This research uses legal certainty theory and legal protection theory. This research uses normative legal research methods that are descriptive in nature, the data sources of this study can be divided into primary data and secondary data. Primary data was conducted in order to obtain field research through interviews with informants. Library research is carried out by reading books, journals, and laws and regulations. The results showed that. The transfer of accounts receivable (Cessie) between the old creditor and the new creditor which is guaranteed by the mortgage right causes the mortgage to also be transferred. The law states that if the receivables secured by mortgage rights are transferred due to cessie, subrogation of mortgage rights is also transferred due to the law. The role of a notary in the production of a cessie deed is the same as that of other deeds made by a notary. As a deed made before / made by a Notary Public has Construction, namely the Authority, requirements and procedures that must be carried out by the Notary Public. . The implementation of Accounts Receivable Transfer (Cessie) between the Indosurya Savings and Loan Cooperative and Indosurya Inti Finance has legal consequences for both the borrower and the new creditor (cessionaris). The implementation of the cessie has not been carried out as it should be regulated in the provisions of the law. Accounts receivable transfer is only carried out in an operational system, debtor loans are transferred to the operational system of Indosurya Inti Finance. Accont management (loans) is still maintained by the Indosurya Savings and Loans Cooperative. this causes losses incurred on the borrower (Debtor) and results in legal uncertainty. Article 16 of the mortgage rights law confirms that receivables are transferred due to cessie, and the mortgage rights are transferred due to law to new creditors. In the implementation of the cessie between Indosurya savings and loan cooperatives and the core indosurya finance, the mortgage rights have not been registered again. The deviation from the practice of implementing this cessie is not mentioned in the law, namely Article 16 of Law No. 4 of 1996. In juridical terms, the absence of the transfer of the security right causes the cessei agreement to be null and void or it is assumed that the transfer of accounts receivable has not yet occurred. In a sociological view, the non-registration of mortgage rights does not make the cessie cancel. The agreement has no material rights, because material rights have the principle of publicity. Publicity principle is a security right that must be registered. So that creditors change from preferred creditors to become concurrent creditors Keadaan likuidasi setiap bank dan lembaga keuangan non bank, sangat terpengaruh dengan keadaan social dan ekonomi, baik dalam skala nasional maupun internasional. Agar penyaluran kredit ( pinjaman ) terus berjalan dikenal lembaga pengalihan piutang yang dikenal dengan istilah cessie. Berdasarkan Pasal 613 KUHPerdata menegaskan penyerahan akan piutang atas nama dan kebendaan tak bertubuh lainnya dilakukan dengan jalan membuat sebuah akta otentik atau akta dibawah tangan dengan mana hak hak katas kebendaan itu dilimpahkan kepada orang lain. Penyerahan piutang  ini tidak ada akibatnya bagi yang berutang sebelum penyerahan diberitahukan dan disetujui secara tertulis atau diakui oleh Debitur/Peminjam. Keberadaan akta otentik atau akta dibawah tangan diperlukan sebagai cara menyerahkan atau mengalihkan hak milik atas piutang yang bersangkutan dari kreditur kepada pihak ketiga . Peranan dan kewenangan  Notaris dalam pelaksanaan pembuatan dokumen cessie, sebagaimana yang diatur dalam undang undang jabatan notaris yaitu notaris adalah  Pejabat umum yang berwenang untuk membuat akta otentik dan memiliki kewenangan lainya sebagaiaman dimaksud dalam undang undang jabatan notaris. Piutang yang dialihkan secara cessie adalah suatu tagihan yang dimiliki oleh kreditur atas debiturnya yang merupakan tagihan atas nama. Pada prinsipnya tagihan atas nama menunjukkan dengan jelas dan pasti mengenai kreditur yang berhak menerima pembayaran. Hal ini terjadi dalam pengalihan pihutang yang terjadi antara Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Indosurya ( Kreditur Lama ) dengan Indosurya Inti Finance ( Selaku kreditur baru ). Peralihan piutang  yang terjadi antara Koperasi simpan pinjam Indosurya dengan Indosurya Inti Finance  membawa akibat hukum terhadap pengikatan jaminan yang telah  dipasang hak tanggungan. Juga berakibat hukum kepada peminjam/debitur koperasi simpan pinjam Indosurya yang beralih dari Peminjam Koperasi yang tunduk pada aturan Kementrian Koperasi dan Usaha kecil dan Menengah menjadi Debitur Indosurya Inti finance yang tunduk pada aturan Otorisasi Jasa Keuangan.  Adapun permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, antara lain: Bagaimana pengalihan piutang secara cessie dan akibatnya terhadap jaminan hak tanggungan, Bagaimana pelaksanaan pengagilhan piutang (cessie) yang dibuat dengan akta notaris, Bagaimana pelaksanaan cessie di koperasi simpan pinjam indo surya . Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kepastian hukum dan teori perlindungan hukum. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif, sumber data penelitian ini dapat dibedakan atas data primer dan data skunder. Data primer dilakukan guna memperoleh penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara dengan informan. Penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan dengan cara membaca buku-buku, jurnal, dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pengalihan piutang (Cessie ) antara kreditur lama dan Kreditur baru yang dijamin dengan hak tanggungan menyebabkan hak tanggungan juga ikut beralih. Undang undang menyatakan jika piutang yang dijamin dengan hak tanggungan beralih karena cessie, subrogasi hak tanggungan juga ikut beralih karena hukum. Peranan notaris dalam pembutan akte cessie sama dengan pembuatan akta-akta lain yang dibuat notaris. Sebagaiamana sebuah akta yang dibuat dihadapan /dibuat oleh Notaris memiliki Konstruksi, yaitu Kewenangan, persyaratan dan prosedur yang harus dijalankan oleh Notaris.Pelaksanaan Pengaliha piutang ( Cessie ) antara Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Indosurya dan Indosurya Inti Finance memiliki akibat hukum baik kepada peminjam  ataupun kreditur baru ( cessionaris ). Pelaksanaan cessie belum dilakukan sebagaimana yang seharusnya diatur didalam ketentuan Undang-undang.  Pengalihan piutang hanya dilakukan secara system  operasional ,  pinjaman debitur dialihkan kedalam system operasional Indosurya Inti Finance. Pengelolaan accont ( Pinjaman ) tetap dimaintance oleh Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Indosurya. hal ini menyebabkan kerugian yang timbul pada peminjam  ( Debitur ) dan mengakibatkan ketidak pastian hukum. Pasal 16 undang-undang hak tanggungan menegaskan piutang yang beralih karena cessie, hak tanggungan ikut beralih karena hukum kepada kreditur yang baru. Dalam pelaksanaan cessie antara koperasi simpan pinjam indosurya dan indosurya inti finance, hak tanggungan belum daftarkan kembali. Penyimpangan praktek pelaksaan cessie ini tidak disebutkan dalam undang-undang yaitu Pasal 16 UU No 4 Tahun 1996. Secara yuridis tidak beralihnya hak tanggungan ini menyebabkan perjanjian cessei batal demi hukum atau dianggap peralihan piutang belum terjadi. Dalam pandangan  sosiologis  tidak didaftarkanya kembali hak tanggungan tidak membuat batalnya cessie. Perjanjian tersebut menjadi tidak memiliki hak kebendaan, karena hak kebendaan  memiliki azaz publisitas. Wujud dari azaz publisitas adalah hak tanggungan harus didaftarkan. Sehingga kreditur berubah dari Kreditur Preferen menjadi kreditur konkuren Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/268 10.35447/jph.v2i1.268 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 1-14 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/268/196 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/269 2022-11-22T09:53:12Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Kedudukan Notaris dalam Mengungkapkan Pemilik Manfaat (Beneficial Ownership) dalam Pembuatan Akta Notaris: Array ANALISIS YURIDIS KEDUDUKAN NOTARIS DALAM MENGUNGKAPKAN PEMILIK MANFAAT (BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP) DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA NOTARIS: Array LAWRENCE, VELLICHIA Beneficial Ownership Notary Corporatio Pemilik Manfaat (Beneficial Ownership), Notaris, Korporasi A notary as a public official, in drawing up authentic deeds particularly related to corporation, is also obliged to implement Know Your Beneficial Owner Principle which is not stipulated in the Notarial Act. On one hand, a notary plays an importnant role to reveal the beneficial ownership of a corporation, on the other hand transparency in revealing beneficial ownership has to be based on honest and clear information from delegation of the corporation since the existence of beneficial ownership cannot be fully detected by the notary. The research problems are how the notary’s liability for the drawing up of notarial deeds, why it is necessary to reveal the beneficial ownership of a corporation, and how about the status of a notary in revealing the beneficial ownership in drawing up notarial deeds. This research employs normative juridical method. The data are collected through library research, which materials or data obtained are systematically organized and analyzed by scientific logical procedures that is qualitative. The results are expected to be able to answer the research problems and to solve them. Di dalam membuat akta autentik, dalam hal ini akta yang berhubungan dengan korporasi, notaris selaku pejabat umum juga memiliki kewajiban untuk menerapkan prinsip mengenali pemilik manfaat dalam suatu korporasi yang mana kewajiban tersebut tidak diatur di dalam Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris. Pada satu sisi, notaris memang berperan penting di dalam pengungkapan benefecial ownership suatu korporasi, namun pada sisi lainnya transparansi pengungkapan benefecial ownership haruslah berdasarkan informasi yang jujur dan jelas dari pihak yang mewakili korporasi tersebut. Hal ini dikarenakan keberadaan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) yang sepenuhnya tidak dapat dideteksi oleh notaris. Permasalahan yang menjadi fokus kajian dalam tesis ini adalah: bagaimana pertanggungjawaban notaris di dalam pembuatan akta notaris, mengapa perlu dilakukannya pengungkapan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) pada korporasi, dan bagaimana kedudukan notaris dalam mengungkapkan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) dalam pembuatan akta notaris. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui studi pustaka, dimana bahan atau data yang diperoleh akan disusun secara sistematis dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan prosedur logika ilmiah yang sifatnya kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diharapkan akan dapat menjawab permasalahan yang diteliti, dan pada akhirnya akan dapat memberikan saran solusi terhadap permasalahan tersebut. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/269 10.35447/jph.v2i1.269 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 15-25 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/269/193 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/273 2022-11-22T09:44:37Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Penolakan Pembatalan Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (Ppjb) Hak Atas Tanah Melalui Prosedur Gugatan ke Pengadilan (Studi Putusan Ma No. 3703.K/Pdt/2016): Array ANALISIS YURIDIS PENOLAKAN PEMBATALAN AKTA PERJANJIAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI (PPJB) HAK ATAS TANAH MELALUI PROSEDUR GUGATAN KE PENGADILAN (STUDI PUTUSAN MA NO. 3703.K/PDT/2016): Array Hasibuan, Herlina Revocation PPJB TheThird Party Pembatalan, PPJB dan Pihak Ketiga PPJB (Purchase Contract) is and agreement which comes from legal needs in society. A certified PPJB on land rights in an implementation of the principle of freedom in making a contract AJB (Sales Agreement) is made before PPAT (official Empowered to Draw up Land Deeds) so that both the buyer and the seller are bound together to make land rights AJB before a notary. The research used normative method which analyzed legal provisions such as Book III of the Civil Voce and UUJN No. 2/2014 on the Amandement of UUJN No. 30/2004.  It also used descriptive analytic method which described, explained, and analyzed the research problems and found the right answer as the solution of the problems. Notarial deed can be done based on article 1338, The legal consideration of the Supreme Court Judge is correct and in accordance with contract law because the seller’s argumentation is that the complaint of the third party is not valid according to legal provisions. Unilateral revocation cannot be carrier out, and it is invalid and illegal since it does not get approval from the other party thow is involved in making the contract. Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) merupakan suatu bentuk perjanjian yang muncul dari kebutuhan hukum yang berkembang dalam masyarakat. PPJB hak atas tanah yang telah bersertipikat merupakan implementasi dari asas kebebasan membuat perjanjian. PPJB dengan menggunakan akta notaris dibuat sebagai perjanjian pendahuluan sebelum dilakukannya pembuatan Akta Jual Beli (AJB) dihadapan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT), agar para pihak baik pihak calon penjual maupun pihak calon pembeli dapat mengikatkan dirinya untuk pada akhirnya melaksanakan pembuatan AJB hak atas tanah tersebut dihadapan PPAT.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah normatif yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dalam hal ini adalah Buku III  KUH Perdata, UUJN No. 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas UUJN No. 30 Tahun 2004.  Sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis dimana penelitian ini berupaya untuk menggambarkan, memaparkan dan menganalisis permasalahan yang timbul, lalu mencari jawaban yang benar sebagai solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Pengaturan hukum tentang pembatalan perjanjian pengikatan jual beli (PPJB) dengan menggunakan akta notaris dapat dilakukan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 1338 ayat (2) KUH Perdata .Selain itu dalil gugatan wanprestasi dan perbuatan melawan hukum dari salah satu pihak dapat pula dijadikan dasar untuk mengajukan gugatan pembatalan akta PPJB. Pertimbangan hukum Majelis Hakim Mahkamah Agung telah tepat dan sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku di bidang hukum perjanjian. Hal ini disebabkan karena dalil yang diajukan oleh pihak penjual yaitu adanya gugatan dari pihak ketiga bukan merupakan alasan yang sah sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Kata kunci : Pembatalan, PPJB dan Pihak Ketiga Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/273 10.35447/jph.v2i1.273 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 26-45 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/273/194 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/314 2022-11-22T09:49:02Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Atas Peralihan Hak Atas Tanah yang Tidak Dilakukan Dihadapan Ppat (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah) (Studi Pada Perumahan Bumi Berngam Baru Di Kota Binjai): Array Transfe Land PPAT Transfer, Land, PPAT Land title transfer is the transfer of land rights from the old owner to the new one. According to the adat law, land title transfer is a clear and cash transaction. What it means by ‘clear’ is that the transfer has to done before an Adat leader or a PPAT (official empowered to draw up land deeds), and what it means by ‘cash’ is that the title transfer and the payment have to be done simultaneously. In reality, however, many land title transfers are not done before PPATs. The research problems are how about the regulation on land title transfer according to laws, how about the process of transfer which is not done before a PPAT, ad how about  the legal consequence of land title transfer which is not done before a PPAT. The research used juridical normative method with descriptive design. It also used juridical empirical method by conducting interviews as primary data and library research as secondary data. The gathered data were analyzed qualitatively in orderto answer the research problems. Land title transfer is specified in Articles 1457 and 1458 of the Civil Code, in the Adat law on clear and cash, and in the Land Act based on the adat law. The process of land title transfer which is not done before a PPAT violates Article 37 of PP No. 24/1997 on Land Registration as what has occurred at PerumahanBumiBerngam, Binjai, but the Purchase contract can be used as the process of transfer title, and when it is done underhandedly, let alone when it is identified with only a piece of receipt, it cannot give legal certainty and legal protection for the buyer. Legal consequence of land title transfer which is not done before a PPAT will not have anylegal certainty. Peralihan hak atas tanah adalah berpindahnya hak atas tanah dari pemegang hak yang lama kepada pemegang hak yang baru. Menurut Hukum Adat, peralihan hak atas tanah adalah suatu perbuatan jual beli yang bersifat terang dan tunai. Terang berarti perbuatan pemindahan hak tersebut harus dilakukan dihadapan Kepala Adat atau Pejabat yang berwenang yakni Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Tunai berarti bahwa perbuatan pemindahan hak dan pembayaran harganya dilakukan secara serentak. Namun, tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa dewasa ini peralihan hak atas tanah tidak dilakukan dihadapan PPAT. Permasalahan yang diangkat pada penelitian ini, yakni bagaimana pengaturan hukum peralihan hak atas tanah menurut ketentuan yang berlaku, proses peralihan hak atas tanah yang tidak dilakukan dihadapan PPAT, dan akibat hukum atas peralihan hak atas tanah yang tidak dilakukan dihadapan PPAT.             Untuk menemukan jawaban dari permasalahan tersebut maka penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif, dimana penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris dan menggunakan wawancara sebagai data primer dan studi kepustakaan sebagai data sekunder, serta analisis data menggunakan metode analisis data kualitatif. Analisis data ini dimaksudkan berdasarkan gambaran, fakta yang diperoleh akan dilakukan analisis untuk menjawab permasalahan.             Pengaturan hukum peralihan hak atas tanah menurut ketentuan yang berlaku diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata yakni Pasal 1457 dan 1458, kemudian Hukum Adat secara terang dan tunai, dan Hukum Tanah Nasional (Agraria) yang menggunakan Hukum Adat sebagai dasar hukumnya. Proses peralihan hak atas tanah yang tidak dilakukan dihadapan PPAT tidak memenuhi ketentuan Pasal 37 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 Tentang Pendaftaran Tanah seperti yang terjadi di Perumahan Bumi Berngam Baru di Kota Binjai. Proses peralihan hak atas tanah yang tidak dilakukan dihadapan PPAT seperti Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dapat dijadikan dasar untuk proses balik nama dan apabila hanya dilakukan dibawah tangan apalagi hanya dengan selembar kwitansi tidak dapat memberikan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum bagi pembeli. Akibat hukum atas peralihan hak atas tanah yang tidak dilakukan dihadapan PPAT adalah jual beli tanah tersebut tidak memiliki kepastian hukum. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/314 10.35447/jph.v2i1.314 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 69-90 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/314/192 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/315 2022-11-22T09:43:34Z JPH:ART driver

Kedudukan Hak Atas Tanah yang Dimiliki Peserta Plasma yang Mengundurkan Diri (Studi Pada Pt. Anugerah Langkat Makmur): Array Nasty, Fahrizzal Plasma HGU PT. Alam dan KUHD Kata Kunci: Plasma, HGU, PT.ALAM dan KUD In General, the most common partnership pattern in Indonesia in plasma nucleus such as PIR Pattern, KKPA Pattern, and PRP Pattern. PT. AnugerahLangkatMakmur (PT. ALAM) operates in oil palm plantations and factories; it has some KUDs (Village Unit Cooperatives) in Langkat Regency and Mandailing Natal Regency. The problem arises when some of their members withdraw and sell their srocks so that there is no certainty about their rights on the plantations which legal standing is the HGU (leasehold) that has not yet regulated or covered by laws and PP (Government Regulation); therefore, it is necessary to have legal breakthrough to settle the problems of cooperative pattern in the plasma plantations at PT. ALAM. Partnership Pattern is a must and the legal consequence of the position of land rights owned by plasma plantation whose members withdraw from the plasma membership (A Case Study at PT. ALAM). The partnership contract is a written form as specified in the Decree of The Minister of Agriculture No. 98/Permentan/OT.140/9/2013 on the Guidelines for Plantation Business License in Article 29, paragraph 2. In principle, the relationship between nucleus and plasma is specified in the Plasma Nucleus contract which explains specially the right and obligation and is made before a Notary. According to Law No. 39/2014, plasma is required to implement plantation business partnership and to facilitate smallholding plantations (in the term of 3 years since the HGU is in effect, it has to be implemented by the plantation company). The legal grounds which stipulates that HGU can be bequeathed is specified implicitly in Article 28, paragraph 2 of UUPA (The Land Act) which states that HGU can be transferred to other party. “Explicitly, the inheritance of HGU is specified in Article 16, paragraph 2, point e PP No. 40/1996 which indicates HGU occurs by inheritance. The land rights of the plasma members who have withdrawn will be transferred to KUD. Secara garis besar, di Indonesia pola kemitraan yang paling sering digunakan adalah pola inti plasma yaitu Pola PIR, Pola KKPA, dan Pola PRP. PT. Anugerah Langkat Makmur (PT.ALAM)  adalah sebuah perusahaan yang berusaha di bidang perkebunan dan pabrik kelapa sawit yang telah memiliki beberapa Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) yang terbagi di Kabupaten Langkat dan Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Akan tetapi akan timbul masalah apa bila ada anggota dari KUD yang mengundurkan diri atau menjual kepersertaannya sehingga sebenarnya bagaimana kedudukan serta posisi dari Hak nya atas kebun tersebut yang mana alas Hak tersebut merupakan Hak Guna Usaha atau HGU yang dalam hal ini belum diatur atau di cover secara penuh oleh undang-undang maupun peraturan pemerintah,  sehingga perlu ada suatu terobosan hukum untuk menyelasaikan problematika tersebut dengan mengangkat masalah bentuk Pola Kerja Sama Terhadap Kebun Plasma Yang Terdapat di PT. ALAM, Dalam Mengelola Perkebunan Harus Diwajibkan Dengan Pola Kemitraandan Akibat Hukum Terhadap Kedudukan Hak Atas Tanah Yang Dimiliki Peserta Plasma Yang Mengundurkan Diri Dari Keanggotaan Plasma (Studi Kasus PT. ALAM). Bentuk perjanjian kemitraan inti plasma ini adalah tertulis sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 98/Permentan/OT.140/9/2013 tentang Pedoman Perizinan Usaha Perkebunan pada Pasal 29 ayat 2. Hubungan inti dan plasma pada hakikatnya diatur dalam sebuah perjanjian tertulis (perjanjian inti plasma) secara spesifik menjabarkan hak dan kewajiban para pihak apabila dibuat dihadapan Notaris. Kewajiban plasma berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perkebunan Nomor 39 Tahun 2014 wajib melaksanakan kemitraan usaha perkebunan dan wajib memfasilitasi kebun masyarakat (dalam jangka waktu 3 tahun sejak HGU diberikan harus dilaksanakan) oleh perusahaan perkebunan. Dasar hukum yang menetapkan bahwa HGU dapat diwariskan secara implist dimuat dalamPasal 28 Ayat (2) UUPA, yaitu "HGU dapat beralih dan dialihkan kepada pihak lain". Secara eksplisit, Hak Guna Usaha dapat diwariskan dimuat dalam Pasal 16 Ayat (2) huruf e Peraturan Pemerintah No. 40 Tahun 1996, yaitu peralihan hak guna usaha terjadi dengan pewarisan. Peserta plasma yang mengundurkan diri dari keanggotaan plasma berdasarkan hak atas tanah yang dimiliki peserta plasma di PT.ALAM  kembali menjadi milik KUD.         Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/315 10.35447/jph.v2i1.315 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 46-68 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/315/195 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/318 2022-11-22T09:52:08Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Atas Praktek Pinjam Meminjam Uang Tanpa Jaminan di Kalangan Masyarakat Pasar Tradisional Horas Kota Pematang Siantar: Array saragih, trinitaty Loan Agreement Collateral Legal Consideration Perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang, Jaminan, Perlindungan hukum The people at the Horas traditional market, Siantar Barat Sub-district, Pematang Sianar, re allowed to pay their loan by installment, and the loan is without collateral such as land certificate or other valuable devices. Some debtors usually do not pay off their installment to creditors. Loan agreement such as this will have a potential risk for money lenders, but it seems that they have never learned their lesson so that it is necessary for either the debtors or the creditors (money lenders) to get legal protection. The research used juridical empirical method through which the gathered data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively.             The loan agreement without any collateral in the people at Pematang Siantar is the same as used-up loan as it is specified in Article 1754 and Article 1765 of the Civil Code which is not contrary to Article 46, paragraph 1 of Law on Banking. If a debtor does not want or is not able to pay his debt after he has been warned, the creditor can file his complaint about a default to the court, based on Article 1243 of the Civil Code for compensation, interest, or cost. Request for debt relief or the length of term should have creditor’s approval. If the request for interest relief is rejected, a debtor can file it to the Court based on the request of “Wocker-ordinantie 1938”. A debtor who is charged with offensive criminal case can sue the creditor based on Article 335, paragraph 1 and Article 368 of the Penal Code if there is blackmailing in dunning.             Special law which regulates the implementation of loan agreement between individuals should always pay attention to the balance in legal and economic position between a creditor and a debtor and not contrary to laws. A creditor should keep the balance in a loan agreement, and a debtor should consider the amount of money he will borrow by comparing it with the profit he will get from it. Masyarakat di Pasar Tradisional Horas Kecamatan Siantar Barat Kota Pematang Siantar, diberi kemudahan dalam melakukan pembayaran angsuran pinjaman , pinjaman juga diberikan dengantidak memerlukan jaminan sertipikat hak atas tanah atau barang berharga lainnya. Debitur selaku penerima pinjaman tidak jarang tidak memenuhi kewajiban mengembalikan pinjaman uang kepada kreditur selaku pemberi pinjaman, sehingga menimbulkan utang. Perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang seperti ini mengandung resiko besar bagi rentenir, akan tetapi tetap saja dilakukan, sehingga berdasarkan hal tersebut sebagai subjek hukum baik pihak peminjam dan pihak yang memberi pinjaman seharusnya mendapatkan perlindungan hukum.             Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris data, dimana informasi yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif.             Perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang tanpa jaminan di kalangan masyarakat Kota Pematang Siantar sama dengan perjanjian pinjam pakai habis sebagaimana yang diatur Pasal 1754 KUHPerdata dan Pasal 1765 KUHPerdata dan tidak bertentangan dengan Pasal 46 Ayat 1 UU Perbankan. Jika penerima pinjaman tetap tidak mau atau tidak mampu membayar setelah diingatkan, maka pemberi pinjaman dapat mengajukan gugatan wanprestasi di pengadilan dengan mendasarkan gugatan pada Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata untuk menuntut ganti kerugian, bunga atau biaya. Permohonan keringanan bunga atau penambahan jangka waktu pengembalian, tergantung pada persetujuan pemberi pinjaman atau kreditur. Jika permohonan keringanan bunga ditolak, maka penerima pinjaman dapat mengajukan permohonan tersebut di pengadilan dengan mendasarkan permohonan pada "Woeker-ordonantie 1938". Penerima pinjaman yang mengalami tindak pidana perbuatan tidak menyenangkan dapat melaporkan pemberi pinjaman dengan Pasal 335 Ayat 1 KUHP dan Pasal 368 KUHP jika terdapat unsur tidak pidana pemerasan di dalam penagihan oleh kreditur.             Seharusnya dibentuk undang-undang khusus yang mengatur pelaksanaan perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang antar perorangan dengan tetap memperhatikan keseimbangan kedudukan hukum dan ekonomi pihak pemberi dan penerima pinjaman, serta tidak bertentangan dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang sudah ada. Kreditur diharapkan untuk tetap menjaga keseimbangan dalam perjanjian pinjam meminjam. Penerima pinjaman sebaiknya mempertimbangkan dengan baik jumlah uang yang akan dipinjam untuk kemudian dibandingkan dengan keuntungan yang akan diperoleh dari usaha. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/318 10.35447/jph.v2i1.318 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 91-115 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/318/197 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/319 2022-11-22T09:47:52Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Akta Pernyataan Nafkah Terhadap Istri dan Anak Yang Dibuat di Hadapan Notaris (Studi Putusan MA RI No.3002/K/Pdt/2015): Array sh,mkn, rita Deed of Statement Notary Support A divorce is not a goal in a marriage; however a marriage sometimes ends with it, as experienced by AH and YR. YR filed a lawsuit against her husband AH to Muara Enim District Court after a divorce. YR felt financially injured by the action of AH for having violated the content of Statement Deed No.72 dated November 23, 2012 concerning Ah’s obligations to provide support for her and their children after their divorce took place. At District Court level, the judge in Ruling No.14/PDT.G/2014/PN.ME dated August 19, 214 granted parts of YR’s lawsuit. The judge stated that the Statement Deed is valid before the law, and is more valid by the issuance of the Higher Court Ruling No.114/PDT/2014/PT.PLG; which strengthens the District Court Ruling. However, the judge at cassation level granted the cassation application filed by AH. I the concern of the Supreme Court Judge, the Statement Deed is legally defective because it contradicts Article 45 paragraph (2) of the Marriage Act. The research problems are how about the legal force of the Deed of Statement to provide support for wife and child that was drawn up before a Notary, how about the legal consideration of the judge in the Supreme Court Verdict  No.3002K/PDT/2015 and how about the legal liability of the Notary for the revocation of the Deed of Statement pursuant to the Supreme Court Verdict No.3002K/PDT/2015.             Thic is a normative juridical research which analyzes the law, It employs descriptive analysis approach. The data are analyzed qualitatively.             The Deed of Statement No.72 dated November 23, 2012, that was drawn up before Notray AD contains a statement of promise or a clause that does not fulfill  the ojective requirements for an agreement. It bocomes null and void and has no legal force. It has been degraded in to an underhanded deed.             The Supreme Court Verdict lacks of consideration because the judge was not sufficiently conscientious and has no evident legal ground. The degraded Statement Deed may become the ground to the injured party to file a lawsuit for indemnity such as compensation for all costs, fine and interests incurred to the Notray AD. It is suggested that a deed be carefully and conscientiously drawn up by noticing all prevailing legal aspects. It is recommended that judges have extensive knowledge, be update with the development of prevailing positive laws, so that they will produce responsible ruling with evident and obvious legal consideration. It is also suggested that notaries excercise  their role well to provide legal certainty and legal protection for the person appeaering before them. Perceraian bukan merupakan tujuan suatu perkawinan, akan tetapi tidak jarang perkawinan berakhir dengan perceraian, sebagaimana dialami AH dan YR. YR mengajukan gugatan kepada AH yang merupakan suami YR di Pengadilan NegeriMuara Enimsetelah bercerai. YR merasa telah dirugikan akibat perbuatan AH yang melanggar isi Akta Pernyataan No.72 tanggal 23 November 2012 mengenai kewajiban AH memberikan nafkah kepada istri dan anak jika terjadi perceraian. Pada tingkat PN, hakim dalam Putusan No.14/PDT.G/2014/PN.ME tanggal 19 Agustus 2014 mengabulkan gugatan YR sebagian. Hakim tingkat PN menyatakan Akta Pernyataan tersebut adalah sah menurut hukum, yang kemudiandikuatkan dengan Putusan  PT No.114/PDT/2014/PT.PLG., menguatkan Putusan PN tersebut, namun Hakim pada tingkat kasasi mengabulkan permohonan kasasi AH. Menurut Hakim MA, Akta Pernyataan cacat secara hukum, karenaAkta Pernyataan bertentangan dengan Pasal 45 Ayat (2) UU Perkawinan. Rumusan permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, mengenai  kekuatan hukum Akta Pernyataan nafkah yang dibuat di hadapan notaris,menganalisis pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan MA RI No.3002K/PDT/2015dan mengetahui tanggung jawab hukum notaris terhadap pembatalan Akta Pernyataanberdasarkan Putusan MA RI No.3002K/PDT/2015.             Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif atau penelitian yang menganalisis hukum, dengan metode pendekatan penelitianyang bersifat deskriptif analisis dan untuk kemudian data-data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif.             Akta Pernyataan No.72 tanggal 23 Nopember 2012, yang dibuat dihadapan notaris AD memuat pernyataan mengenai janji atau klausul yang tidak memenuhi syarat objektif perjanjian. Akta Pernyataan tersebut batal demi hukum dan tidak mempunyai kekuatan hukum.Akta Pernyataan  tersebut terdegradasi menjadi suatu akta dibawah tangan.             Putusan Hakim MA tidak cukup pertimbangan, karena hakim tidak cermat dan tidak mempunyai dasar hukum yang jelas. Akta Pernyataan yang terdegradasidapat menjadi dasar pihak yang merasa dirugikan untuk mengajukan suatu tuntutan ganti kerugian berupa penggantian biaya, denda atau bunga yang timbul kepada Notaris AD. Suatu akta disarankan dibuat dengan seksama, cermat dan memperhatikan segala aspek aspek hukum yang berlaku. Hakim sebaiknya memiliki wawasan yang luas dan menggali, serta senantiasa mengikuti perkembangan hukum positif yang berlaku, sehingga putusan yang dihasilkan merupakan putusan yang bertanggung jawab dengan pertimbangan hukum yang cukup dan jelas.Pelaksanaan jabatan notaris harus dijalankan demikian agar menciptakan kepastian hukum dan memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi para penghadap dan notaris itu sendiri. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/319 10.35447/jph.v2i1.319 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 116-144 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/319/198 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/331 2022-11-22T09:50:59Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Hukum Terhadap Pertanggungjawaban Anak Perusahaan Kepada Induk Perusahaan dalam Hal Pembagian Keuntungan (Laba Ditahan) Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas: Array Sari, Triana Maulia Subsidiaries Holding Company Retained Earnings Anak Perusahaan, Induk Perusahaan, Laba Ditahan The profit obtained by the holding company by investing in shares in a subsidiary company, that is, the holding company gets the profits derived by the subsidiary as much as the shares it owns. The holding company is also entitled to receive dividends from its subsidiaries, provided that it must pay attention to the net income of the subsidiary. As a result of the holding company’s rights to the profits obtained by the subsidiary, the subsidiary has the responsibility to make profits distribution to the holding company. Research uses normative legal research. This study using the statutory approach (statute approach). Data sources used are secondary data, which consists of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Data collection was carried out by means of library study (library research), then processed and analyzed using qualitative analysis method techniques. According to Article 70 of constitution Number 40 Year 2007 Regarding Limited Liability Companies, the company is obliged to prioritize the allowance for reserve funds so that it can cause retained earnings, which is the profit obtained by the company that is not distributed by the company to shareholders in the form of dividends. Subsidiaries are responsible for giving priority to the interests of the company, especially in terms of storing reserve funds that are useful for the interests of the company such as the payment of long-term debts. In addition, retained earnings are used to support the operational activities of subsidiaries Keuntungan yang didapatkan perusahaan induk dengan menanam saham pada perusahaan anak yaitu, perusahaan induk mendapatkan keuntungan yang diperoleh anak perusahaan sebesar saham yang dimilikinya. Induk perusahaan juga berhak mendapatkan dividen dari anak perusahaan, dengan catatan harus memperhatikan laba bersih yang dimiliki oleh anak perusahaan. Akibat adanya hak yang dimiliki induk perusahaan atas keuntungan yang diperoleh anak perusahaan, maka anak perusahaan memiliki tanggungjawab untuk melakukan pembagian keuntungan kepada induk perusahaan. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara studi kepustakaan (library reseacrh), kemudian diolah dan dianalisa dengan mempergunakan teknik analisis metode kualitatif. Menurut Pasal 70 Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas, perseroan wajib untuk mendahulukan penyisihan dana cadangan sehingga bisa menyebabkan laba ditahan yaitu laba yang diperoleh perseroan yang tidak dibagikan  perseroan kepada pemegang saham dalam bentuk dividen. Anak perusahaan bertanggungjawab lebih mendahulukan  kepentingan perusahaan terutama dalam hal penyimpanan dana cadangan yang berguna untuk kepentingan perusahaan seperti pembayaran utang-utang jangka panjang. Selain itu, laba ditahan ini digunakan untuk mendukung kegiatan operasional anak perusahaan Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/331 10.35447/jph.v2i1.331 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 163-177 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/331/218 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/332 2022-11-22T09:46:03Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Kekuatan Pembuktian Sertipikat Hak Milik sebagai Bukti Terkuat Dibandingkan dengan Bukti Hak Lainnya dalam Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2064 K/Pdt/2014): Array Dhan, Muhammad Satria Harry Certificate Ownership Right the Land Act (Lawon Basic Regulationson Agrarian Principles Sertipikat, Hak Milik, UUPA. In agrarian, land is a part of the earth called earth surface. Regulations on land in this case do not necessarily refer to the regulations concerning all of its aspects, but only refers the regulatios on one of it aspects i.e. land in juridical definition named rights that produce two principles. The principles create 2 land registration system; namelt positive and negative publication system. A dispute over overlapping land ownership is found at Kelurahan Sukaraja, Medan Maimun Sub-district, Medan, North Sumatera Province. This case begins with lawsuit filed by the plaintiff. The object of this case is a piece of land with area of 1.080 m2 that is partly owned by Datuk Syahrial, but it has been seized and occupied by Lido Hamonangan Hutabarat without any permission from Datuk Syahrial. The land was acquired by the plaintiff from his parents grounded on a letter of notification, then Datuk Muhammad Tamin bin Datuk Rashtam acquired the land from his parents named Datuk Rashtam. However, the land and building on it are registered with the name of Lido Hamonangan Hutabarat who acquired it from plaintiff I grounded on a sale and purhace deed drawn up before a Notary, Roesli, in Medan. This case was submitted the favor of the plaintiff. This research employs Normative Juridical method and applies the theories of legal certainly and rights. The legal consequences for the verification strength of the land ownership certificate in this case is that the grant process seems ti be vague, whether it truly happened and whether it was actually handed by Datuk Mhd.Tamin or not. There is not any authentic evidence showing that there was actually a real grant (Grant Letter) from Datuk Mhd. Tamin to Datu Kamal. The analysis of the Supreme Court Verdict Number 2064K/Pdt/2014 is that the Land Act (the Laws on Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles) regulates that it is necessary to look into the process of receiving the grant, whether or not the transfer of the land ownership right or the grand has been in line with Chapter IV Article 210 of the Islamic Law Compilation. Dalam ruang lingkup agraria, tanah merupakan bagian dari bumi yang disebut permukaan bumi. Tanah disini bukan mengatur tanah dalam segala aspeknya, melainkan hanya mengatur salah satu aspeknya yaitu tanah dalam pengertian yuridis yang disebut hak yang menimbulkan dua asas. Asas tersebut melahirkan 2 sistem pendaftaran tanah, yaitu sistem publikasi positif dan negatif. Kasus sengketa kepemilikan tanah yang tumpang tindih kepemilikan terjadi di gang Warni, kampung Sukaradja Kecamatan Medan Baru Kota pradja Medan, sekarang kelurahan Sukaraja, kecamatan Medan Maimun, kota Medan, provinsi Sumatera Utara. Latar belakang masalah ini berawal dari gugatan penggugat. Adapun objek perkara yaitu sebidang tanah 1.080 m2 yang merupakan sebagian dari bidang tanah milik Datuk Syahrial diserobot dan dikuasai oleh Lido Hamonangan Hutabarat tanpa izin dari Datuk Syahrial. Tanah tersebut diperoleh orang tua penggugat berdasarkan surat keterangan, kemudian Datuk Muhammad Tamin Bin Datuk Rastham memperoleh tanah tersebut dari orang tuanya yang bernama Datuk Rastham. Bahwa tanah dan bangunan tersebut terdaftar atas nama Lido Hamonangan Hutabarat diperoleh dari Tergugat I berdasarkan Akte Jual Beli yang diperbuat dihadapan Roesli Notaris di Medan. Kasus ini diperkarakan ke pengadilan dan Hakim baik PN, PT dan Hakim Mahkamah Agung memutus yang menang yaitu Penggugat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Yuridis Normatif dengan memakai teori kepastian hukum dan teori hak. Kedudukan hukum pada pembuktian sertipikat hak milik sebagai bukti terkuat yaitu berdasarkan Pasal 164 HIR/284 RBg dan Pasal 1866 KUHPerdata. Akibat hukum pada kekuatan pembuktian sertipikat hak milik pada kasus ini dalam proses hibah terlihat bahwa penyerahan tanah tersebut tidak kabur, dilakukan dan apakah benar diserahkan oleh Datuk Mhd. Tamin. Tidak ada bukti autentik mengenai adanya hibah yang nyata (Surat Hibah) antara Datuk Mhd. Tamin kepada Datuk Kamal. Analisa Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2064 K/Pdt/2014 yaitu Dalam UUPA seharusnya lihat dalam proses mendapatkan hibah, bahwa pengalihan hak atas tanah terperkara atau penghibahan maka sesuai dengan Kompilasi Hukum Islam pada Bab VI Pasal 210. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/332 10.35447/jph.v2i1.332 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 145-162 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/332/217 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/343 2022-11-22T09:40:58Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Wanprestasi Oleh Penjual Dalam Jual Beli Melalui Media Internet: Array TORONG, DHEA CYNARA Default Sale Purchase and Internet Wanprestasi, Jual Beli dan Internet Agreement has become daily activity in trade. Online sale and purchase agreement is made on trust from one with another, so the agreement is made electronically using either email or other method; thus, there is not any document like in conventional sale and purchase transactions. The trading transactions in e-commerce system enables a seller to make transactions without having to directly meet (face to face) buyers/ consumers. Concerning the regulations on e-commerce, it uses the provisions in the third code and the provisions on e-commerce in the Civil Code with modification that e-commerce has special properties because it dominantly uses media and electronic devices. The research problems are whether the regulations on online sale and purchase transactions in the contract law in Indonesia have provided legal certainty to the contractual relationships between all parties involved in the transactions using internet media, how about the legal protection for any injured party due to default by sellers in the sale and purchase transaction using internet media, and how about the settlement to the consequences of default for all parties in the implementation of sale and purchase using internet media. This is an empirical juridical research. It is analytically descriptive which describes, explains and analyzes the problems, and find answers to the problems. This research employs library research and qualitative data analysis. It conducts interviews to collect data to the staff at Information Technology Department, in the Search & Business Analytic Division on blibli.com that have capacity as informants and information sources. The results demonstrate that e-commerce is principally done in the same way with conventional sale and purchase as regulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code containing validating requirements of agreements based on the agreements between buyers and sellers or marketplace. The rights of buyers are guaranteed by sellers’ responsibility who defaults by indemnifying the costs such as: refund, return, or replacement. It is in line with the provisions stipulated in Article 1243 of the Civil Code; in which, when a seller defaults, the debtor shall pay for compensation. Any consequences due to default by seller in marketplace blibli.com is settled in accordance with the provisions stipulated in the trading contract of blibli.com as listed on the homepage of blibli.com. such as compensation in form of money or goods; the buyer, in demanding rights over default, has to comply with the provisions of blibli and provides evidence to blibli.com. Perjanjian telah menjadi suatu aktifitas sehari-hari dalam perdagangan. Perjanjian jual beli secara online ini dilakukan atas rasa kepercayaan satu sama lain, sehingga perjanjian jual beli yang terjadi diantara para pihak dilakukan secara elektronik pula baik melalui e-mail atau cara lainnya, karenanya tidak ada berkas perjanjian seperti pada transaksi jual beli konvensional. Transaksi dagang pada sistem e-commerce, seorang penjual (seller) tidak harus bertemu langsung (face to face) dengan pembeli (buyers/consumers). Ketentuan e-commerce mempergunakan ketentuan buku ketiga dan ketentuan tentang jual beli dalam KUHPerdata dengan modifikasi bahwa e-commerce mempunyai sifat khusus karena sangat dominan peranan media dan alat-alat elektronik. Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakahpengaturan transaksi jual beli secara onlinedalam hukum kontrak di Indonesia telah memberikan kepastian hukum terhadap hubungan kontraktual para pihak yang melakukan transaksi melalui media internet, bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap pihak yang dirugikan akibat perbuatan wanprestasi oleh penjual dalam pelaksanaan jual beli melalui media internet, dan bagaimana penyelesaian akibat wanprestasi terhadap para pihak dalam pelaksanaan jual beli melalui media internet. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis empiris. Sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis dimana penelitian ini berupaya untuk menggambarkan, memaparkan dan menganalisis permasalahan yang timbul, lalu mencari jawaban yang benar sebagai solusi dari permasalahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dan analisis data kualitatif. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pedoman wawancara sebagai alat pengumpulan data, terhadap Staff di Departemen IT bagian Search & Business Analytica pada blibli.comyang dalam hal ini memiliki kapasitas sebagai informan dan narasumber. Hasil pembahasan dari permasalahan yang timbul dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan transaksi e-commerce pada prinsipnya sama seperti jual beli konvensional pada umumnya sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata yang memuat syarat – syarat sahnya perjanjian berdasarkan kesepakatan diantara pihak pembeli dan penjual atau marketplace. Hak – hak pembeli dijamin dengan tanggung jawab penjual yang wanprestasi dengan tindakan pemberian ganti rugi antara lain berupa : pengembalian dana (refund), penukaran barang, pengembalian barang atau penggantian barang. Hal ini sesuai dengan yang diatur dalam Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata di mana apabila penjual melakukan wanprestasi maka debitur diharuskan membayar ganti rugi. Penyelesaian akibat wanprestasi oleh penjual melalui marketplace blibli.com dilakukan berdasarkan ketentuan yang sudah diatur dalam kontrak dagang blibli.com sebagaimana tertera homepage di situs blibli.com. antara lain berupa ganti rugi baik berupa dana maupun barang, dimana dalam hal menuntut haknya atas wanprestasi ini maka pihak  pembeli wajib mengikuti ketentuan dari blibli dan memberikan seluruh bukti – bukti kepada blibli.com Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-03-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/343 10.35447/jph.v2i1.343 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 178-191 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/343/219 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/404 2022-11-22T09:42:25Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Kewajiban Magang dan Relevansi dengan Pengangkatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (Ppat): Array Candidates of PPAT Internships of PPAT Obligation of PPAT The Official for this research is to discover the obligation of candidates of PPAT (Officials Empowered to Draw up Land Deeds), to take an internship: in which they are obliged to understand and help the process of land activity and service, recruitment and verification process of registered deeds as well as verification of juridical data op application for land title. The primary task of PPAT is carry out part land registration activities by drawing up deeds as evidence for having taken particular legal actions regarding land title or ownership right over apartment units, that is made the ground for registration of changes in land registration resulted from the legal actions.             This research employs normative juridical method in form of document study, which studies the obligations of candidates of PPAT  (Officials Empowered to Draw up Land Deeds) to take an internship and its relevance with appointment of PPAT. This research is descriptive; it describes the obligation of PPAT to take an internship. The legal materials used in this research are sourced from results of library research such as primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. In  addition, this research is supported by interviews with relevant parties to complete this thesis. These legal materials that have been collected are firstly described by legal and non-legal proportion, then interpreted to be further estimated and evaluated; argumentation is provided to draw conclusion for the research problem.             The research result demonstrate that internship of PPAT  is the obligationsof every candidate of PPAT before they are appointed PPAT. Internship is taken to provide the candidate theoretical and practical academic knowledge, to provide the candidate skills and expertise in technique of Drawing up Deeds as fuel for practice as PPAT. The internship term of PPAT candidates consists of 6 (six months) in the land office and 6 (six) months in PPAT offices. The enactment of PPAT internship encourages better performance for PPAT candidates who will put the knowledge into practice in the future; thus, the knowledge gained during internship can be directly applied. Jabatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 37 Tahun 1998 tentang Peraturan Jabatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, Pasal 1 angka (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 disebutkan bahwa Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, selanjutnya disebut PPAT adalah pejabat umum yang diberi kewenangan untuk membuat akta-akta otentik mengenai perbuatan hukum tertentu mengenai hak atas tanah atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun. Didalam Pasal 1 Peraturan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 1 Tahun 2006, tentang ketentuan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 37 Tahun 1998 Tentang Peraturan Jabatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, menyebutkan bahwa Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, selanjutnya disebut PPAT adalah pejabat umum yang diberi kewenangan untuk membuat akta-akta otentik mengenai perbuatan hukum tertentu mengenai hak atas tanah atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun.             Dalam Ketentuan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 37 Tahun 1998 tentang Peraturan Jabatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, dapat dilihat Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah terdiri dari 3 (tiga)  jenis, yakni : Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, selanjutnya disebut PPAT adalah pejabat umum yang diberi kewenangan untuk membuat akta-akta otentik mengenai perbuatan hukum tertentu mengenai hak atas tanah atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun. Kedudukan PPAT ini dikenal dengan pejabat umum. PPAT Sementara adalah pejabat Pemerintah yang ditunjuk karena jabatannya untuk melaksanakan tugas PPAT dengan membuat akta PPAT di daerah yang belum cukup terdapat PPAT. Keberadaan dari Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, selanjutnya disebut PPAT adalah pejabat umum yang diberi kewenangan untuk membuat akta-akta otentik mengenai perbuatan hukum tertentu mengenai hak atas tanah atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun. Kedudukan PPAT ini dikenal dengan pejabat umum yang merangkap jabatan sebagai Notaris. Tugas pokok PPAT adalah melaksanakan sebagian kegiatan pendaftaran tanah dengan membuat akta sebagai bukti telah dilakukannya perbuatan hukum tertentu mengenai hak atas tanah  atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun, yang akan dijadikan dasar bagi pendaftaran perubahan data pendaftaran tanah yang diakibatkan oleh perbuatan hukum itu. Penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dalam bentuk studi dokumen (studi kasus), yaitu suatu jenis penelitian yang akan mengkaji kewajiban magang dan relevansi dengan pengangkatan PPAT, sedangkan jika dilihat dari sifatnya, maka penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu suatu penelitian dengan menggambarkan tentang kewajiban magang PPAT. Bahan hukum yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari hasil penelitian kepustakaan berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tertier, selain itu penelitian ini didukung dengan wawancara kepada pihak-pihak yang terkait dalam pembuatan tesis ini.Bahan hukum yang telah terkumpulkan tersebut terlebih dahulu dilakukan deskripsi dengan penguraian proporsi-proporsi hukum dan non hukum yang dijumpai, diinterpretasikan untuk selanjutnya disistematisasi, dievaluasi serta diberikan argumentasi untuk mendapat kesimpulan atas permasalahan yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa magang PPAT merupakan kewajiban yang harus dijalani setiap calon PPAT sebelum diangkat sebagai PPAT.Magang dilakukan untuk memberikan ilmu dalam bidang akademis yang secara teori dan praktek untuk calon PPAT, memberikan keahlian dan kemahiran calon PPAT dalam membuat Teknik Pembuatan Akta sebagai bekal dalam praktek sebagai Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Lama magang PPAT dilakukan selama 1 tahun dengan pembagian 6 bulan di kantor pertanahan dan 6 bulan di kantor PPAT. Dampak dari diberlakukannya magang PPAT tersebut dapat memberikan kinerja yang lebih baik bagi calon PPAT, dimana ketika nantinya berpraktek maka ilmu yang didapat ketika magang bisa diaplikasikan secara langsung. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-08-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/404 10.35447/jph.v2i1.404 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021; 192-205 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/404/268 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/407 2022-11-18T08:33:43Z JPH:ART driver

Tinjauan Yuridis Dasar Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi Terhadap Pt. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor : 234/Pid.Sus/2016/Pn.Srg): Vicarious Liability Vicarious Liability Strict Liability With the stipulation of PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri (PT. WPLI) as a defendant, this is included in one system of criminal liability, the management in this case the directors have the responsibility to know all the events that occur in the field because it is the responsibility inherent in the management. Even though the management is not directly in the field, but has the responsibility that is always attached as long as the position as the manager of the business entity is attached. So in this case Choe Hoe Ryul as the Managing Director or representing the corporation of PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri in the court is subject to criminal liability. Whereas criminal liability to a corporation can then be identified in advance to identify who commits the crime and if the crime is committed by those who are the directing mind of the corporation, then the responsibility of the criminal act can be borne by the corporation. The problems studied are the application of vicarious liability theory in corporate criminal entrapment towards PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri in Decision Number : 234 / Pid.Sus / 2016 / PN.Srg dated August 9, 2016 is correct, and how the form of accountability of PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri  for residents affected by B3 waste pollution. This study uses a type of normative juridical legal research with a case approach. The data collection technique used is library research. Data analysis was carried out with qualitative analysis methods. Then in this analysis deductively drawn conclusions. The result of the research showed in case Number : 234 / Pid.Sus / 2016 / PN. Srg on behalf of the defendant PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri, the Panel of Judges of the Serang District Court in its decision applied the vicarious liability theory to ensnare the defendant with Article 104 in conjunction with Article 116 paragraph (1) letter b in conjunction with Article 117 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. The application of the vicarious liability theory is not right, the application of the strict liability theory is the right theory applied to ensnare PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri, in the decision of the Serang District Court, explained that the defendant PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri is charged with Article 116 paragraph (1), the article contains the principle of strict liability. Formulation of criminal law in the future in order to provide protection for victims of environmental crime by corporations, carried out by adding compensation sanctions in the form of the obligation to provide restitution to victims of environmental crime when the perpetrators of the corporation. Dengan ditetapkannya PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri (PT. WPLI) sebagai terdakwa, hal tersebut termasuk dalam salah satu sistem pertanggungjawaban pidana, maka pengurus dalam hal ini direksi memiliki tanggungjawab untuk mengetahui semua kejadian yang ada di lapangan karena hal itu adalah tanggungjawab yang melekat dalam diri pengurus. Sekalipun pengurus tidak berada langsung dalam lapangan, namun punya tanggungjawab yang selalu melekat selama jabatan sebagai pengurus badan usaha tersebut melekat. Maka dalam hal ini Choe Hoe Ryul selaku Direktur Utama atau yang mewakili korporasi PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri di dalam pengadilan dikenai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Bahwa selanjutnya untuk dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban pidana kepada suatu korporasi maka harus mampu terlebih dahulu diidentifikasi siapa yang melakukan tindak pidana tersebut dan apabila tindak pidana itu dilakukan oleh mereka yang merupakan directing mind dari korporasi tersebut, maka baru pertanggungjawaban dari tindak pidana itu dapat dibebankan kepada korporasi. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji Apakah penerapan teori vicarious liability dalam penjeratan pidana korporasi terhadap PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri dalam Putusan Nomor : 234/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Srg tanggal 09 Agustus 2016 sudah tepat, dan bagaimana bentuk pertanggungjawaban PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri terhadap warga yang terkena dampak dari pencemaran limbah B3. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan (library research). Analisis data yang dilakukan dengan metode analisis kualitatif. Kemudian dalam analisa ini ditarik kesimpulan secara deduktif. Dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui dalam perkara Nomor : 234/Pid.Sus/2016/PN. Srg atas nama Terdakwa PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri, Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Serang dalam Putusannya menerapakan teori vicarious liability untuk menjerat terdakwa dengan Pasal 104 jo Pasal 116 ayat (1) huruf b jo Pasal 117 Undang-Undang Nomor 32 tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Penerapan teori vicarious liability tersebut kurang lah tepat, penerapan teori strict liability adalah teori yang tepat diterapkan untuk menjerat PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri, dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Serang telah dijelaskan bahwa terhadap terdakwa PT. Wahana Pamunah Limbah Industri dijerat dengan Pasal 116 ayat (1), pasal tersebut mengandung asas strict liability. Formulasi hukum pidana di masa datang agar memberikan perlindungan terhadap korban tindak pidana lingkungan hidup oleh korporasi, dilakukan dengan menambahkan sanksi ganti kerugian berupa kewajiban pemberian restitusi kepada korban tindak pidana lingkungan hidup apabila pelakunya korporasi.   Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-08-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/407 10.35447/jph.v2i2.407 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021; 247-263 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/407/318 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum https://id.creativecommons.net/tag/cc-by-nc-sa/

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/412 2022-11-18T08:33:43Z JPH:ART driver

Kewenangan Penyadapan Oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2019 Tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi: Array Marbun, Aguinaldo Wiretapping KPK Supervisory Board Meskipun penyadapan memberikan pengaruh positif bagi KPK dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi, pengaturan dan mekanismenya sebatas melalui peraturan internal KPK, tanpa ijin dan pengawasan. Padahal, penyadapan merupakan bagian dari tindakan pro justisia yang bersifat mengurangi dan membatasi hak asasi manusia, serta dalam konteks due process of law jaminan hak asasi manusia wajib dipenuhi dan diberikan ruang untuk  pembelaandiri. Pada tanggal 17 Oktober 2019, DPR dan Pemerintah melakukan pengesahan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi ("Perubahan UU KPK"). Perubahan UU KPK memberikan pengaturan baru terhadap tata cara penyadapan serta pembentukan Dewan Pengawas. Penelitian ini akan disusun dengan menggunakan tipe penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pada penelitian hukum jenis ini, sebagai sumber datanya adalah data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, atau data tersier. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik penyadapan selama ini menjadi salah satu instrument yang diandalkan KPK dalam melakukan penyelidikan dan penyidikan, terutama dalam operasi tangkap tangan (OTT). Perubahan UU KPK mengubah teknis pelaksanaan penyadapan dengan adanya kewajiban penyidik untuk mendapatkan izin dari Dewan Pengawas selaku penjaga the rule of the game, pengawas kode etik dan independensi KPK. Meskipun Perubahan UU KPK telah mengatur lebih rinci terkait penyadapan oleh KPK, proses penyadapan memerlukan paying hukum selevel undang-undang sehingga terdapat norma hukum yang dapat menjadi jembatan bagi institusi penegak hukum yang diberikan kewenangan untuk melakukan penyadapan yang sesuai dengan koridor hukum dan penegakan HAM. Although wiretapping has a positive influence on the KPK in eradicating criminal acts of corruption, its regulations and mechanisms are limited to KPK internal regulations, without permission and supervision. In fact, wiretapping is part of pro-justicia actions that reduce and limit human rights, and in the context of the due process of law human rights guarantees must be fulfilled and given space for self-defense. On 17 October 2019, the DPR and the Central Government passed Law Number 19 of 2019 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 30 of 2002 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission ("Amendment to the KPK Law"). The amendment to the KPK Law provides new arrangements for wiretapping procedures and the establishment of a Supervisory Board. This research will be compiled using a normative juridical research type with a statutory regulatory approach. In this type of legal research, the data source is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, or tertiary data. The results of this study indicate that the practice of wiretapping has been one of the instruments relied on by the KPK in conducting investigations and investigations, especially in hand arrest (OTT) operations. The amendment to the KPK Law changes the technicality of the implementation of wiretapping with the obligation of investigators to obtain permission from the Supervisory Board as guardian of the rule of the game, supervisor of the code of ethics and the independence of the KPK. Although the Amendment to the KPK Law has stipulated in more detail regarding wiretapping by the KPK, the wiretapping process requires a legal umbrella at the level of law so that there are legal norms that can be a bridge for law enforcement institutions that are given the authority to conduct wiretapping in accordance with the corridors of law and human rights enforcement. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-10-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/412 10.35447/jph.v2i2.412 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021; 230-246 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/412/319 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum https://id.creativecommons.net/tag/cc-by-nc-sa/

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/433 2022-11-18T08:33:43Z JPH:ART driver

Peranan Pemerintah Dalam Meningkatkan Produk Indikasi Geografis di Indonesia: Array Government Geographical Indications Law In addition to the role of government entrepreneurs optimally, proper preparation of human resources is needed. The right human resources will greatly assist in the development of potential geographic indications in Indonesia. As a field of law that is not yet popular among practitioners, academics, and the public, counseling about geographical indications is very important. Academics do not understand and understand about IPR and moreover about geographical indications. Because geographical indication is a new thing in Indonesia. Understanding of geographical indications is new in Indonesia. Understanding of geographical indications requires socialization to prevent violations of these geographical indications. The government's role in increasing geographical indication products in Indonesia is through the government's efforts to increase the utilization of geographical indication products in Indonesia, namely by maximizing the utilization of geographical indications where in this case the government is represented by the Ministry of Industry and Trade (Depperindag), namely by providing guidance and conducting searches and collecting data and forming cross-departmental collaborations that are relevant nationally and internationally. To resolve the unlawful abuse of geographical indications in Indonesia, the government can make its own provisions in the Geographical Indication Law or add articles in the trademark law which explicitly regulates the legal protection of geographical indications which refers to the Monopoly and competition Law. unhealthy business, for fake and misleading goods. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-10-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/433 10.35447/jph.v2i2.433 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021; 264-296 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/433/317 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum https://id.creativecommons.net/tag/cc-by

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/435 2022-11-18T08:33:43Z JPH:ART driver

Aspek kepastian hukum terkait restitusi dalam perkara perlindungan anak: hukum perdata restitution legal certainty child protection THE ASPECT OF LEGAL CERTAINTY IN RELATION TO RESTITUTION IN THE CASES OF CHILD PROTECTION (A CASE STUDY OF LUBUK PAKAM’S STATE COURT’S VERDICT NUMBER 975/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Lbp)   Article 71 D section (1) of the Act Number 35 Year 2014 on the amendment of the Act Number 23 Year 2002 concerning child protection guarantees that a child who has been a sex crime victim is permitted to lay claim to restitution from the criminal, which is intended to compensate for the loss of wealth, suffering from the crime, and/or medical fees, and/or psychological damage as a form of the criminal’s recompense. Besides, restitution is also intended to soothe the sex crime victim’s distress and enforce justice for them. This study is normative legal research which fostered the descriptive analytic method based on constitutional interpretation, especially that in connection with child protection, and the case interpretation of Lubuk Pakam’s State Court’s verdict number 975/Pid.Sus/2019/Pn.Lbp. This research employed the data collection technique of library review and qualitative data analysis. The verdict number 975/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Lbp of Lubuk Pakam’s State Court’s judicial panel ordered the convict to pay a restitution of Rp. 1,200,000 (one million two hundred thousand rupiahs) to the victim. The verdict was not apart from the consideration of the fact that it was proven the convict had done the crime referred to by Article 81 section (2) in association with Article 76 D of the Act of Child Protection and the misdeed has caused the victim embarrassment. Moreover, in meting out the sentence, the judicial panel had to take into account the convict’s and social senses of justice. However, in this case, the convict did not pay the specified restitution. From the verdict, it is obvious that there is no guarantee restitution can be paid to the victim soon. What commonly happens is that the convict is not willing or able to pay it. In anticipation of the problem, the prosecutors as the verdict executors can apply Article 38 in association with Article 40 of the Act of Witness and Victim Protection to ensnare the criminal/convict who does not pay restitution to establish the legal certainty of restitution payment to the victim.   Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-08-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/435 10.35447/jph.v2i2.435 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021; 217-229 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/435/315 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum https://id.creativecommons.net/tag/cc-by-nc-sa/

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/438 2022-11-18T08:33:43Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Kewajiban Magang dan Relevansi Dengan Pengangkatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (Ppat): Array Sembiring, Eka Cristy Candidates of PPAT Internships of PPAT Obligation of PPAT The Official for this research is to discover the obligation of candidates of PPAT (Officials Empowered to Draw up Land Deeds), to take an internship: in which they are obliged to understand and help the process of land activity and service, recruitment and verification process of registered deeds as well as verification of juridical data op application for land title. The primary task of PPAT is carry out part land registration activities by drawing up deeds as evidence for having taken particular legal actions regarding land title or ownership right over apartment units, that is made the ground for registration of changes in land registration resulted from the legal actions.             This research employs normative juridical method in form of document study, which studies the obligations of candidates of PPAT  (Officials Empowered to Draw up Land Deeds) to take an internship and its relevance with appointment of PPAT. This research is descriptive; it describes the obligation of PPAT to take an internship. The legal materials used in this research are sourced from results of library research such as primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. In  addition, this research is supported by interviews with relevant parties to complete this thesis. These legal materials that have been collected are firstly described by legal and non-legal proportion, then interpreted to be further estimated and evaluated. Universitas Harapan Medan 2021-08-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/438 10.35447/jph.v2i2.438 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021; 297-310 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v2i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/438/320 Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum https://id.creativecommons.net/tag/cc-by-nc-sa/

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/452 2022-11-18T05:41:10Z JPH:ART driver

Penyerahan Tanah Yang Terikat Dalam Perjanjian Dondon Di Desa Aeklung Kecamatan Doloksanggul Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan: Array Simamora, Silvia Agustina handing over Land Dondon Contract Humbang Hasundutan Regency ABSTRACT The Dondon Agreement is to pawn a plot of rice field land to another party with an agreement that one day the land will be redeemed by the owner and when the land is pawned the land owner will receive the amount of money that the land owner needs from the dondon recipient. Dondon agreements according to customary law have a minimum time limit of 2 years, but in reality what happened in Aeklung village, Doloksanggul district, Humbang Hasundutan district, especially in hamlet I, the people still use the dondon agreement not using the time limit as it should be. The formulation of the problem from this research is how is the mechanism for transferring the dondon agreement in Aeklung village, Doloksanggul district, Humbang Hasundutan district, what are the rights and obligations of the parties who make the dondon agreement, how are the legal protections for the parties who make the dondon agreement. This study uses empirical legal research that is descriptive analytical. The mechanism for the transfer of the dondon agreement in Aeklung village, Doloksanggul sub-district, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, namely party I (dondon giver) and party II (dondon recipient) meet together to make a dondon agreement under sufficient stamp duty witnessed by each party. Based on the agreement, the rights and obligations of the parties arise. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/452 10.35447/jph.v3i1.452 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 10-21 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/452/347 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/453 2022-11-18T05:41:10Z JPH:ART driver

Tinjauan Yuridis Sertifikat Hak Tanggungan Yang di Terbitkan Melalui Sistem Elektronik Menurut Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional No. 5 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pelayanan Hak Tanggungan Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik: Array Ariefa, Gratia HT-el PPAT HT certificate The registration system for Electronic Mortgage Rights (HT-el) is intended to improve service, timeliness, speed, convenience and affordability in the context of public services, as well as to adjust legal developments, technology and community needs. type of . HT-el services that can be delivered through the HT-el System include registration of HT, transfer of HT, change of creditor name, deletion of HT and data correction. Electronic HT certificate that has executive power and can be proven as evidence of HT in court. The results show that in conventional HT registration, the legal provisions of UUHT, PP 24/1997 and PP 37/1998 require PPAT to send physical documents to the land office and thus require the Land Office to receive and keep the mortgage registration documents in the original. HT registration through HT-el, PPAT has the role of submitting the deed and complete documents of registration requirements or transfer of HT requested by the Creditor through the PPAT Partner Application at partner.atrbpn.go.id which is integrated with the HT-el System where the submission of documents is accompanied by a Statement Letter regarding accountability for the truth and validity of the data. Electronic Documents submitted. The HT-el certificate has executive powers as regulated in Article 14 of the HT Law and can be executed under Article 224 HIR. The HT-el service carried out by the Ministry of ATRIBPN is a form of Public Scope Electronic System Operation as regulated in UU ITE Jo. PP 7 I/2019. In addition, the ITE Law is the legal basis for HT-el certificates which are legal evidence of HT in the eyes of the law and can be used as evidence in court. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/453 10.35447/jph.v3i1.453 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 81-91 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/453/342 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/456 2022-11-18T05:41:10Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Penyelesaian Sengketa Desain Industri Eco Bottle (Studi Putusan Nomor 594 K/Pdt.Sus-Hki/2017): Array Fitri, Syarafina Rahayu IPR Law Industrial Design Legal Protection The industrial design lawsuit between Dart Industries, INC as a company wholly owned by Tupperware Brands Corporation, the industrial design case for Tupparware's Eco Bottle and the Defendant who owns the Bio Life Products has been decided with a decision Number 594 K/PDT.SUS-HKI/2017. Discusses how the lawsuit mechanism for the cancellation of industrial designs as one of the areas of Intellectual Property Rights, What are the legal consequences of using industrial designs without rights that have similarities with industrial designs registered under Law Number 31 of 2000 concerning Industrial Designs, How is legal protection for PT Dart Industries as a user of Industrial Design in an Industrial Design dispute with Bio Life products based on the decision of the Supreme Court Number 594 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2017. This type of research is normative legal research, where the approach to the problem is carried out by reviewing the applicable laws and regulations. The research results obtained, namely the absence of a substantive examination of the registration of industrial designs, the non-fulfillment of novelty elements in an industrial design and the absence of an explanation of the basic similarities in the Industrial Design Law. The legal consequences of using industrial designs without rights in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of the Industrial Design Law, the holders of industrial design rights or licensees can sue the infringing party. The lawsuit filed by the Plaintiff PT. Dart Industri as the owner of the Eco Bottle beverage bottle industrial design. The judge had different basic considerations in passing the decision on the dispute over the shape of the Tupperware beverage bottle, namely in the Supreme Court's Decision Number: 594K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2017, the Judge stated that it was true that the shape of the Biolife Borneo bottle had the same industrial design as the Tupperware bottle owned by PT. Dart Industries while the Judge in the Supreme Court Decision Number: 874K/Pdt.Sus.HKI/2017, stated that the shape of the Biolife Borneo bottle does not have the same industrial design as the Tupperware bottle owned by PT. Dart Industries. Gugatan perkara desain Industri antara Dart Industries, INC  sebagai Perusahaan yang dimiliki sepenuhnya oleh Tupperware Brands Corporation, perkara desain industri Eco Bottle Milik Tupparware dengan Tergugat pemilik Produk Bio Life telah diputus dengan putusan Nomor 594 K/PDT.SUS-HKI/2017. Membahas bagaimana  mekanisme gugatan pembatalan desain industri sebagai salah satu bidang Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, Bagaimana akibat hukum dari penggunaan desain industri tanpa hak yang memiliki persamaan dengan desain industri terdaftar berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2000 tentang Desain Industri, Bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi PT Dart Industries sebagai pengguna Desain Industri dalam sengketa Desain Industri dengan produk Bio Life berdasarkan putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 594 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dimana pendekatan terhadap permasalahan dilakukan dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, yaitu tidak dilakukannya pemeriksaan substantif terhadap pendaftaran desain industri, tidak dipenuhinya unsur kebaruan dalam suatu desain industri serta tidak adanya penjelasan persamaan pada pokoknya dalam Undang-Undang Desain Industri. Akibat hukum dari penggunaan desain industri tanpa hak sesuai ketentuan pasal 46 UU Desain Industri, pemegang hak desain industri atau penerima lisensi dapat menggugat pihak yang melanggar. Gugatan  yang diajukan Penggugat PT. Dart Industri sebagai pemilik desain industri botol minuman Eco Bottle. Hakim memiliki perbedaan dasar pertimbangan dalam menjatuhkan putusan sengketa bentuk botol minuman Tupperware yaitu dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor: 594K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2017, Hakim menyatakan bahwa benar bentuk botol Biolife Borneo memiliki kesamaan desain industri dari botol Tupperware milik PT. Dart Industries sementara Hakim dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor: 874K/Pdt.Sus.HKI/2017, menyatakan bahwa bentuk botol Biolife Borneo tidak memiliki kesamaan desain industri dengan botol Tupperware milik PT. Dart Industries. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/456 10.35447/jph.v3i1.456 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 92-100 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/456/341 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/463 2022-11-18T06:05:45Z JPH:ART driver

Upaya Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Pada Anak: Array ahmad, Ansor kosnah Obscenity Children Obscenity Legal Protection Obscenity is an act related to sex that violates the norms of decency (decency). This can happen to a boy to a girl or a girl to a boy, and the sexual abuse itself can happen to the same sex as a boy to a boy or a girl to another girl. At this time there are many crimes of sexual abuse of children. Considering that children are the young generation and potential human resources, the children themselves should get a legal protection, therefore the perpetrators who commit sexual abuse of children must be subject to appropriate criminal penalties, according to what they have done. In Indonesia itself, juridical law is regulated in the Children's Special Law, namely Law no. 35 of 2014 amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 on child protection. The existence of legal guidelines can make it easier to give punishment for perpetrators of sexual abuse themselves, considering where their actions have a bad impact that causes trauma to the victim and the family around the victim. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/463 10.35447/jph.v3i1.463 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 73-80 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/463/340 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/464 2026-01-28T09:47:57Z JPH:ART

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/465 2022-11-18T07:21:36Z JPH:ART driver

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Korban Tindak Pidana Inses Menurut Undang-Undang Perlidungan Anak Nomor 35 Tahun 2014: Array albani, Muhammad Habib Child Law Protection Law Regulations The son was a gift from the only one god, and child has harkat and dignity to which it is attached as a person whole. The son was of shoots , the potential , young generation to succeed the ideals of the nation's struggle, have a strategic role , as well as having traits and characteristics that ensure the continuity of the life of the nation and state in the future and so that every child is able to carry out responsibilities. Child legal protection is defined as an effort to protect the law against the freedom and human rights of children related to their welfare, including freedom from sexual crimes. From various characteristics incest, a case that occur most frequently is sexual relations are accompanied by violent means, threats of violence, fraud, misdirection and persuade seduced into according to the victim and or powerless which aims to rape and sexually abusing. Setting the legal protection of child victims of criminal acts of incest, as follows: a) the Book Legislation Criminal Law (KUHP), article 285, article 287 and article 294, paragraph (1). b) Act No. 35 of 2014 Concerning amendment to Act No. 23 of 2002 about Child Protection contained in article 26, 59A, 64, 66, 69, 71D. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/465 10.35447/jph.v3i1.465 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 22-31 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/465/345 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/467 2022-11-18T05:41:10Z JPH:ART driver

Analisis Yuridis Perceraian Disebabkan Suami Biseksual (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Agama Pariaman Nomor 69/Pdt.G/2019/Pa.Prm): Array Liza, Raina Liza marriage, divorce ,bisexual Marriage is an inner and outer bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the aim of forming an eternal and happy family based on God Almighty. (Law No. 1 of 1974). Divorce is the breaking of marital ties between husband and wife by court decision and there are sufficient reasons that between husband and wife will not be able to live in harmony again as husband and wife. Bisexual is a person who has sexual attraction to two different genders at once. What are the legal consequences that are born after the breakup of a marriage because the husband is bisexual, How are the judges' considerations in deciding divorce cases because the husband is bisexual. The type of research used is normative juridical obtained from library materials. The nature of this research is descriptive analysis, namely to obtain a systematic, factual and accurate description of the problems studied. Collecting data in this study through library research with data collection tools using library research and interviews. Bisexual behavior can be used as a reason to sue for divorce because the purpose of marriage law is to create peace in the household and society and avoid the benefit that destroys the human generation. The legal consequences that were born after the termination of the marriage because the husband was bisexual were experiencing conflict, inharmonious communication relationships, the existence of mafsadat and maslahat elements as well as making the marriage divorced. The judge's consideration in deciding divorce cases because the husband is bisexual is that there is harm in one of the partners, there are 6 (six) ). Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/467 10.35447/jph.v3i1.467 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 46-59 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/467/413 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/468 2022-11-18T05:41:10Z JPH:ART driver

Lelang Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Sinyal Telekomunikasi Dari Stasiun Araskabu Menuju Bandara Kualanamu Oleh Executive Vice President Pt. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) dengan Bajatra (Analisis Putusan Nomor 181 Pk/Tun/2016): Array putra, Alam syah Telecommunication Signals Lelang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Sinyal Telekomunikasi The user party is the party who requests or assigns the provider a task to supply or manufacture goods or make certain jobs. The problem in this research is the legal regulation of the auction of the procurement of goods and services in government regulations. Sanctions that can be imposed on parties related to the procurement of government goods/services that do not meet the requirements of the provisions of the work order. How is the judge's legal considerations in deciding the dispute between PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) with Bajatra in Decision Number 181 PK/TUN/2016. This research uses normative legal research methods. Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018 concerning the Procurement of Government Goods/Services provides guidelines for regulating and implementing the procurement of goods/services that accommodates the development of government needs regarding the regulation of the procurement of goods/services in order to fulfill the maximum benefit value and be able to contribute in increasing the use of products. domestic. Sanctions that can be imposed on parties related to the procurement of government goods/services that do not meet the requirements of the provisions of the work order. The sanctions are regulated in Article 83 of Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018, one of which is in the form of sanctions for inclusion in the Black List. The judge's legal considerations in deciding the dispute between PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) With PT. Bajatra in Decision Number 181 PK/TUN/2016 is a test of the validity of both procedural and substantial terms of the imposition of a blacklist addressed to the Plaintiff issued by the Defendant, not regarding the provision of goods and services in terms of telecommunication signal work from Araskabu station to Medan Kualanamu Airport. and Sepur 8, 9 Medan Station Emplacement. Implementation of the work agreement between PT. Bajatra and PT. KAI. Pihak pengguna adalah pihak yang meminta atau memberi tugas kepada pihak penyedia untuk memasok atau membuat barang atau membuat pekerjaan tertentu. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaturan hukum pelaksanaan lelang pengadaan barang dan jasa dalam peraturan pemerintah. Sanksi yang dapat dijatuhkan kepada pihak yang berkaitan dengan pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan ketentuan surat perintah kerja. Bagaimana pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam memutuskan sengketa antara PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Dengan Bajatra pada Putusan Nomor 181 PK/TUN/2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah memberikan pedoman pengaturan dan pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa yang menampung perkembangan kebutuhan pemerintah mengenai pengaturan atas pengadaan barang/jasa dalam rangka pemenuhan  nilai manfaat yang sebesar-besarnya dan mampu memberikan kontribusi dalam peningkatan penggunaan produk dalam negeri. Sanksi yang dapat dijatuhkan kepada pihak yang berkaitan dengan pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan ketentuan surat perintah kerja. Sanksinya diatur dalam Pasal 83 Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2018 tersebut salah satu sanksinya berupa sanksi pencantuman dalam Daftar Hitam. Pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam memutuskan sengketa antara PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Dengan PT. Bajatra pada Putusan Nomor 181 PK/TUN/2016 adalah pengujian keabsahan baik dari segi prosedural maupun substansial terhadap pengenaan blacklist yang ditujukan kepada Penggugat yang diterbitkan oleh Tergugat, bukan mengenai penyelenggaraan penyediaan barang dan jasa dalam hal pekerjaan sinyal telekomunikasi dari stasiun Araskabu menuju Bandara Kualanamu Medan dan Sepur 8, 9 Emplasemen Stasiun Medan. Pelaksanaan perjanjian kerja antara PT. Bajatra dan PT. KAI. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/468 10.35447/jph.v3i1.468 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 60-72 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/468/376 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/476 2022-11-18T07:08:56Z JPH:ART driver

Kedudukan Harta Perkawinan Atas Nama Istri di Indonesia (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/Pn. Jkt Bar): Array Alvionita, Tria Kedudukan Harta Perkawinan istri perceraian Position of Marital Assets Wife Divorce If the marriage is terminated due to divorce, the joint property is regulated according to their respective laws. If a husband and wife break up because of divorce, they embrace Islam, then the property of the marriage is divided according to Islamic law, but it does not rule out the possibility of dividing it based on customary law. The problem discussed is the regulation of marital property in the name of the wife according to the statutory regulations. The distribution of joint assets according to the decision of the West Jakarta District Court No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT Bar and the judge's legal considerations in the decision of the West Jakarta District Court No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT Bar. The type of research is normative juridical which is obtained from library materials that are descriptive analytical, namely to obtain a detailed and systematic description of the problems studied. The results of the study show that property acquired during the marriage period becomes joint property, as long as the goods are purchased in a marriage bond, the property becomes the jurisdiction of the joint property, who buys it, on whose name it is registered and where it is located does not matter. In Decision No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT BAR, because the distribution of joint assets is not regulated in the Marriage Law or in its Implementing Regulations, the panel of judges refers to the rules of the Civil Code Article 128 paragraph (1). Judge's legal considerations in Decision No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT BAR that the Plaintiff has been able to prove that the object of the dispute is the joint property of the Plaintiff and the Defendant, as long as there is no marriage agreement regarding joint property, all assets acquired during the marriage period are joint property. Perkawinan putus karena perceraian maka harta bersama diatur menurut hukumnya masing-masing. Jika suami istri putus karena perceraian menganut agama Islam, maka membagi harta benda perkawinan berdasarkan hukum Islam, namun tidak pula menutup kemungkinan dibagi berdasarkan hukum adatnya. Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah Pengaturan harta perkawinan atas nama istri menurut Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Pembagian harta bersama menurut putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT Bar dan pertimbangan hukum Hakim dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT Bar. Jenis penelitian adalah yuridis normatif yang diperoleh dari bahan pustaka yang bersifat deskriptif analitis yaitu untuk memperoleh gambaran secara rinci dan sistematis terkait permasalahan yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian bahwa harta benda yang diperoleh selama masa perkawinan menjadi harta bersama, selama barang dibeli dalam ikatan perkawinan maka harta tersebut menjadi yurisdiksi harta bersama, siapa yang membeli, atas nama siapa terdaftar dan dimana letaknya tidak menjadi persoalan. Dalam Putusan No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT BAR, karena pembagian harta bersama tidak diatur di dalam UU Perkawinan maupun dalam Peraturan Pelaksanaannya, maka majelis Hakim mengacu kepada aturan KUHPerdata Pasal 128 ayat (1). Pertimbangan hukum Hakim dalam Putusan No. 330/Pdt.G/2012/PN. JKT BAR bahwa Penggugat telah mampu membuktikan bahwa objek sengketa adalah harta bersama Penggugat dan Tergugat, selama tidak ada perjanjian perkawinan mengenai harta bersama maka seluruh harta yang diperoleh selama masa perkawinan adalah harta bersama. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/476 10.35447/jph.v3i1.476 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 1-9 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/476/338 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/477 2022-11-18T07:26:35Z JPH:ART driver

Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penculikan Anak Menurut Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak (Studi Putusan Negeri Kupang Nomor178/Pid.Sus/2018/Pn.Kpg): Array IMPLEMENTATION OF CRIMINAL SANCTIONS AGAINST CRIMINAL ACTS OF CHILD ABILATION ACCORDING TO CHILD PROTECTION LAW (Kupang District Judgment Study Number 178 /Pid.Sus/2018/PN.Kpg): Array Suseno, Muhammad Yudhistira Sanksi Pidana tindak pidana perlindungan anak Sanksi pidana Penculikan Anak PerlindunganAnak Kidnapping is an act committed by someone without the right for the purpose of enabling such person under the powers of the kidnappers. An abductor targets child as a victim. Based on the online news website liputan6.com, Chairman of the National Commission for Child Protection Arist Merdeka Sirait said the Child Abduction case continues to increase years from years. The issues regarding the case to be examined in the present study are: The regulation regarding criminal liability of offenders of child abduction and The criminal sanction and condemnation towards the offenders of child abduction. From the results of an exploration conducted with the normative research method in this study it was found that the criminal liability of the offenders of child abduction is regulated in Article 76F Indonesian Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning the Amendment towards the Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. The kidnapping of a child may be held to criminal liability if the offender has committed an act fulfilling the elements of delinquency. Regarding criminal sanctions and condemnation against child abductors who are proven guilty of legally and convincingly in the eyes of the law of committing the crime of kidnapping of a child can be sentenced in the form of imprisonment and a fine penalty. Criminalization of child abductors depends on the role of the judge who examines and prosecutes the case. Judges are given the freedom to set the type of criminal, criminal conduct, or the high and low criminal. Penculikan anak dilakukan seseorang tanpa hak untuk tujuan memungkinkan orang tersebut berada di bawah kekuasaan para penculik. Seorang penculik menargetkan anak sebagai korban. Berdasarkan situs berita online liputan6.com, Ketua Komnas Perlindungan Anak Arist Merdeka Sirait mengatakan, kasus Penculikan Anak terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Isu terkait kasus yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian kali ini adalah: Pengaturan tentang pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelaku penculikan anak dan Sanksi pidana dan penghukuman bagi pelaku penculikan anak.  Dari hasil eksplorasi yang dilakukan dengan metode penelitian normatif dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku penculikan anak diatur dalam Pasal 76F Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Penculikan seorang anak dapat dikenakan pertanggungjawaban pidana jika pelaku telah melakukan perbuatan yang memenuhi unsur kenakalan. Mengenai sanksi pidana dan penghukuman penculik anak yang terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan di mata hukum melakukan tindak pidana penculikan anak dapat dijatuhi hukuman penjara dan denda. Kriminalisasi penculik anak bergantung pada peran hakim yang memeriksa dan mengadili kasus tersebut. Hakim diberi kebebasan untuk mengatur jenis pidana, tindak pidana, atau pidana tinggi rendahnya. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/477 10.35447/jph.v3i1.477 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022; 101-109 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/477/382 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/604 2022-11-29T08:30:28Z JPH:ART driver

HUBUNGAN HUKUM ANTARA DRIVER DENGAN PERUSAHAAN BERBASIS APLIKASI STUDI PERBANDINGAN NEGARA INDONESIA DENGAN NEGARA BAGIAN CALIFORNIA AMERIKA SERIKAT Romli, Resky Pradhana application-based firm partner drivers comparative law comparison of laws PT Applications Karya Anak Bangsa (Gojek) is a Limited Liability Company with a license as a technology company to provide applications but the online motorcycle taxi application is used for transportation services whose regulations for online transportation do not have strong legal certainty. Application companies are not required to provide "workers' rights" to driver partners such as overtime pay, job security, or severance pay if the partnership ends, insurance, and paid leave at the same time the State of California has passed a rule called Assembly Bill 5 where the California State government changed Definition of Partner which basically means that if an employee works regularly for a company and his job is an undeniable part of the company, the employee must be appointed as a permanent employee. The purpose of this study is to find out how the legal relationship between application-based companies and drivers in Indonesia compares. The research approach used is a conceptual and comparative legal approach that uses primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials where data collection techniques are carried out through literature studies and then analyzed using qualitative methods.This study concludes that the difference in the legal relationship between application-based companies and driver partners is due to differences in the legal system where the State of Indonesia adheres to Civil Law tends to take longer to respond to developments in society and the United States which adheres to Common Law where the Judge's Decision as a source of law in the Common Law system can respond quickly to changes in society. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-11-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/604 10.35447/jph.v3i2.604 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022; 134-141 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/604/418 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/605 2022-11-29T08:06:57Z JPH:ART driver

ALISIS YURIDIS PENGENAAN HONORARUM ATAS JASA-JASA NOTARIS DI KOTA MEDAN Meutia, Keumala Notary Honorarium Legal Service As a public official, a notary does not receive a salary from the government but has the right to withdraw an honorarium from services provided based on Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Positions, and the Notary Code of Ethics. The position of a notary makes it possible to serve requests from presenters regarding work other than making authentic deeds by receiving the agreed honorarium. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The data collection method used is library research and field research. The data collection tool used is interviews.The results of the study show that the notary's honorarium needs to be regulated because it helps determine the minimum standard of the notary's honorarium will greatly help maintain the professionalism of the notary in carrying out his profession and prevent competition between fellow notaries and there are no violations of the law. So that the creation of justice for notaries in receiving notary services rates. The application of the Notary's honorarium in Medan City in its implementation is not always in accordance with the applicable regulations, due to the Notary's reasons in determining the honorarium, namely factors from the Notary himself, competition between Notaries, the economic value of the deed, the existence of levies, requests and interests of clients, families , life experience, friends, organization, spirituality, situational factors and other factors originating from the environment of the Notary concerned, which are taken into consideration by the Notary in determining the value of the honorarium services he provides and the agreement of both parties. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-11-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/605 10.35447/jph.v3i2.605 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022; 123-133 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/605/417 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/609 2022-11-28T08:56:20Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN TERHADAP HUKUM COVERNOTE NOTARIS (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NO. 181/PDT/2019/PT.MKS) Sembiring, Apresya Handayani Covernote Notary Responsibility The covernote is not an authentic deed because it does not meet the requirements of the deed as stated in Article 1868 of the Civil Code. In general, a covernote is a letter explaining that there is an ongoing process in the management of unfinished deeds. In the case of a Notary issuing a covernote on the basis of a Notary being asked to manage, complete and carry out a legal relationship between the parties as a form of responsibility to serve the community. The research method used in this research is the Juridical Empirical method which is descriptive analytical, data collection is carried out using secondary data in the form of primary materials. The results of the study show that the act of a Notary issuing a Covernote can potentially become an unlawful act if the elements of an unlawful act are fulfilled. The act of issuing a Covernote which is potentially against the law, apart from being seen from the point of view of propriety, can also be seen from the error of the Notary concerned. Notaries who commit acts that are against the law will be sanctioned. Notary is part of the awareness that the Notary in carrying out his duties and position has violated the provisions regarding the implementation of the Notary's duties. The imposition of sanctions on Notaries is also to protect the public from Notary actions that can harm the community. This is related to the Supreme Court Decision Number 181/PDT/2019/PT MKS regarding the Notary's Accountability to the Covernote he made. Where the Covernote that is published itself is not carried out in accordance with the contents of the covernote, the Notary will be given a Civil Sanction. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/609 10.35447/jph.v3i2.609 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022; 110-122 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/609/415 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/610 2023-07-28T09:21:37Z JPH:ART driver

PENERAPAN PERATURAN KEJAKSAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 15 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG PENGHENTIAN PENUNTUTAN BERDASARKAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF (STUDI KASUS PADA KEJAKSAAN NEGERI DAIRI) Sianturi, Alofsen Restorative Justice Dairi District Attorney Termination of Prosecution The Republic of Indonesia Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice has the potential to conflict with the laws and regulations above, namely the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Prosecutor's Office as amended by Law Number 11 of 2021. This research uses a normative legal research type that is descriptive analytical with a statutory approach and a case approach. The results of this study indicate that the position of the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice in the hierarchy of laws and regulations is another statutory regulation as outlined in Article 8 paragraph (1) of Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislation. The application of the Republic of Indonesia Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice by the Dairi District Attorney in stopping the prosecution of criminal cases with the suspect Ucok Lumban Gaol has met the formal and material requirements. Meanwhile, the application of the Republic of Indonesia Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution by the Dairi District Attorney in a criminal case with the suspect Desi Megawati Sihombing does not meet the material requirements as specified in the Attorney General's Letter Number B-4301/E/EJP/9/2020 dated September 16, 2020 because Desi Megawati Sihombing's actions were seen as concurrent acts as stated in Article 65 of the Criminal Code. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-12-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/610 10.35447/jph.v3i2.610 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022; 145-154 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/610/425 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/614 2023-07-28T09:31:39Z JPH:ART driver

TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA KEKARANTINAAN KESEHATAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN WABAH COVID-19 DI KOTA MEDAN Nurchani, Martina Covid-19 Health Quarantine law enforcement Law enforcement aims to improve order and legal certainty in society. As a form of efforts to achieve a comprehensive rule of law in law enforcement, especially when a certain virus outbreak or pandemic occurs, the Government together with the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia. The role of the government and the community in the successful implementation of the Emergency Community Activity Restriction (PPKM) is in line with how the role is in the fulfillment of rights and obligations. The research method in this study is a normative legal approach. The main object is the norms or rules of positive legal rules that regulate criminal law policies as an effort to overcome the Covid-19 emergency. The criminal law enforcement process against perpetrators of health protocol violations in the city of Medan is in accordance with Law Number 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine, however the government has not fully fulfilled the rights of the community during the implementation of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) and the implementation of restrictions on community activities (PPKM). ). The role of the people of Medan City in dealing with Covid-19 and compliance with PPKM is still considered low. Based on data from the Medan City Government, the number of violations of the Covid-19 health protocol in Medan City is increasing. The latest data, from July 15 to August 09, 2021, as many as 52 people who violated health protocols (prokes) during Emergency PPKM and Level 4 PPKM in Medan City. The 52 people are non-essential, namely business actors and traders and have undergone a trial for minor crimes. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-12-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/614 10.35447/jph.v3i2.614 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022; 155-165 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/614/430 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/618 2022-12-09T09:01:52Z JPH:ART driver

PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PERJUDIAN ONLINE DI MEDIA SOSIAL (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Medan Nomor 3132/Pid.B/2021/PN Mdn) Sitorus, Inggrid Rumyriris Law Enforcement Online Gambling Social Media. Gambling done via the internet occurs because betting on sports activities or casinos is done via the internet. The research data is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials, which are arranged qualitatively. Law enforcement by the Police against perpetrators of online gambling crimes on social media is based on Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions to be precise in Article 27 number (2) and for regulation of criminal acts regulated in Article 45 of the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions. Efforts to countermeasures through penalties are carried out by imposing severe penalties on online gambling actors and non-penalists by taking preventive actions or efforts, namely preventing the occurrence of online gambling crimes through social media. Decision Number 3132/Pid.B/2021/PN. Mdn is that there is no basis to abolish the sentence against the defendant so that the defendant is stated to be able to take responsibility for his actions and the defendant is sentenced to imprisonment for 1 (one) year which is lighter than the demands of the public prosecutor who demands that the defendant be given a prison sentence of 1 (one) year. one) year 3 (three) months. Universitas Harapan Medan 2022-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/618 10.35447/jph.v3i2.618 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022; 166-175 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v3i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/618/433 Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/692 2024-01-17T09:09:00Z JPH:ART driver

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS TERHADAP SURAT KETETAPAN PAJAK (LIMITED COMPANY LIABILITY TO THE TAX ASSESSMENT LETTER) Ananda, Denny Mulia Limited Liability Company SKP Responsibility A tax assessment letter is a record of a company's financial information in an accounting period that can be used to describe the company's performance. Fiskus in carrying out their authority in issuing an STP, SKPKB, SKPKBT must be based on the attribution of authority given by laws and regulations but in current implementation there are problems where there are differences between accountability under the Limited Liability Company Law and the Tax Collection Law. This research uses a type of normative legal research that is descriptive- analytic in nature, using secondary data, namely primary legal materials. The results of this study include the efforts of the tax authorities to deal with STP, SKPKB, SKPKBT which are not paid by Limited Liability Companies is to enforce the law through tax collection which is enforceable under the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2000 concerning Amendments to Law Number 19 of 1997 concerning Tax Collection By Forced Letter (Tax Collection Law With Forced Letter). The billing action begins with the issuance of a letter of reprimand, a warrant, execution of confiscation and then conducts an auction. Underpaid and unpaid SPT, SKPKB, SKPKBT organs of a limited liability company where according to Article 14 paragraph (1a) of the Law on Collection of Taxes by Enforcement Letter, if the assets of a limited liability company cannot pay off the said tax assessment letter, then the organs of a limited liability company may be subject to confiscation of the assets. personally not only directors or commissioners but .also shareholders. Tax collection regulations are special rules relating to tax debts which are different from debts in general and can also be understood as tax collection regulations which are laws that have a goal for the benefit of society at large so that they can override personal interests. Surat Ketetapan pajak adalah catatan informasi keuangan suatu perusahaan pada suatu periode akuntansi yang dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan kinerja perusahaan tersebut. Fiskus dalam menjalankan kewenangannya dalam menerbitkan suatu STP, SKPKB, SKPKBT harus berdasarkan atribusi kewenangan yang diberikan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan namun dalam pelaksanaannya saat ini terdapat permasalahan dimana terdapat perbedaan antara pertanggungjawaban menurut UU Perseroan Terbatas dengan UU Penagihan Pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptifanalitis, dengan menggunakan data sekunder yaitu bahan hukum primer. Hasil penelitian ini meliputi Upaya hukum fiskus menghadapi STP, SKPKB, SKPKBT yang tidak dibayar Perseroan Terbatas adalah melakukan penegakan hukum melalui penagihan pajak yang berkuatan hukum memaksa berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2000 Tentang Perubahan Atas UndangUndang Nomor 19 Tahun 1997 Tentang Penagihan Pajak Dengan Surat Paksa (UU Penagihan Pajak Dengan Surat Paksa). Tindakan penagihan diawali dengan penerbitan surat teguran, surat paksa, pelaksanaan sita dan selanjutkan melakukan lelang. Pertanggungjawaban organ perseroan terbatas SPT, SKPKB, SKPKBT yang kurang bayar dan tidak dibayar dimana menurut Pasal 14 ayat (1a) UU Penagihan Pajak Dengan Surat Paksa, apabila kekayaan Perseroan terbatas tidak dapat melunasi Surat Ketetapan Pajak tersebut maka Organ Perseroan Terbatas dapat dikenakan penyitaan terhadap harta pribadi tidak hanya direksi ataupun komisaris akan tetapi juga pemegang saham. Peraturan penagihan pajak merupakan aturan khusus berkaitan dengan utang pajak yang mana berbeda dengan utang pada umumnya dan dapat dipahami juga peraturan penagihan pajak merupakan hukum yang memiliki tujuan untuk kepentingan masyarakat banyak sehingga dapat mengenyampingkan kepentingan pribadi. Universitas Harapan Medan 2023-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/692 10.35447/jph.v4i1.692 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): JUNI 2023; 1-11 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/692/594 Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/697 2024-01-17T09:11:20Z JPH:ART driver

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/698 2024-01-17T09:09:00Z JPH:ART driver

PENGHAPUSAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PELAKU PEMBELAAN DIRI YANG MENGAKIBATKAN HILANGNYA NYAWA ORANG (Analisis Yuridis Putusan Nomor 61/Pid.B/2019/PN. Cbd) Raynaldo, Dino Penghapusan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pembelaan Diri Ccompulsory defence, an act justifying self-defense in the event of a sudden attack or threat of attack; however, the law cannot justify all forms of nature and method of defense and cannot reasonably limit defense. In other words, rational defense is an attack or threat. . In writing this paper I will examine secondary data through case analysis using library research methods, but the type of research data is secondary data. Legislation to rule out self-defense offenses that result in the death of another person is regulated in Article 49 (1) and (2) of the Criminal Code. Law enforcement that overrides the perpetrator's criminal responsibility in self-defense that results in the death of another person, the defendant's actions against the law, and the defendant's resistance in the form of forced or emergency defense. Decision Number 61/Pid.B/2019/PN. The CBD stated that the act was not a crime, so the accused must be acquitted of all charges. Pembelaan wajib sebagai salah satu tindakan membenarkan pembelaan diri pada saat terjadi serangan mendadak atau ancaman serangan; namun demikian, hukum tidak dapat membenarkan segala bentuk sifat dan cara pembelaan serta tidak dapat secara wajar Pembelaan dibatasi. Dengan kata lain, pertahanan rasional adalah serangan atau ancaman. . Dalam penulisan makalah ini saya akan mengkaji data sekunder melalui analisis kasus dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan, namun jenis data penelitiannya adalah data sekunder. Aturan perundang-undangan untuk mengesampingkan delik bela diri yang mengakibatkan kematian orang lain diatur dalam Pasal 49 (1) dan (2) KUHP. Penegakan hukum yang mengesampingkan pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku dalam pembelaan diri yang mengakibatkan kematian orang lain, perbuatan terdakwa melawan hukum, dan perlawanan terdakwa dalam bentuk pembelaan paksa atau darurat. Putusan Nomor 61/Pid.B/2019/PN. CBD menyatakan bahwa  perbuatan tersebut bukan merupakan tindak pidana, sehingga terdakwa harus dibebaskan dari segala tuntutan. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/698 10.35447/jph.v4i1.698 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): JUNI 2023; 24-32 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/698/592 Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/699 2024-01-17T09:09:00Z JPH:ART driver

TINJAUAN YURIDIS PUTUSAN BEBAS DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PEMALSUAN AKTA KELAHIRAN YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI DASAR MELAKUKAN JUAL BELI TANAH (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 387 K/Pid/2021) Nabila, Sarah acquittal counterfeiting sale and purchase of land The product produced in the judicial process, especially criminal justice, is a judge's decision. The judge based on the norms used to analyze the laws and regulations related to the issuance of an acquittal (vrijspraak) against the defendant for the crime of forging a birth certificate. The problem that arises is the regulation of criminal law for the perpetrators of the crime of falsifying birth certificates in buying and selling land? The form of criminal responsibility for the act and what is the basis for the consideration of the judge who tried the defendant for Decision No. 387 K/Pid/2021 Raba Bima District Court? The research method used is secondary data consisting of applicable laws and regulations, books, journals and other supporting data relevant to the research title. The judge decided with an acquittal in the crime of falsifying a birth certificate which was used as the basis for buying and selling land in the decision on Case Number 387 K/Pid/2021 against the defendant based on the consideration that the panel of judges considered that the defendant had not found any unlawful act and without rights (which must be judged by intention/intent/knowledge of the unlawful nature of an act in an actor). Produk yang dihasilkan dalam proses peradilan khususnya peradilan pidana adalah putusan hakim. Hakim berdasarkan norma-norma yang digunakan untuk menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dengan keluarnya putusan bebas (vrijspraak) terhadap terdakwa tindak pidana pemalsuan akta kelahiran. Permasalahan yang timbul adalah pengaturan hukum pidana bagi pelaku tindak pidana pemalsuan akta kelahiran dalam jual beli tanah? Bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana atas perbuatan tersebut dan apa dasar pertimbangan hakim yang mengadili terdakwa atas Putusan No. 387 K/Pid/2021 Pengadilan Negeri Raba Bima? Metode penelitian digunakan adalah sata sekender yang terdiri dari peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, buku-buku, jurnal dan data pendukung lainnya yang relevan dengan judul penelitian. Hakim memutuskan dengan putusan bebas dalam tindak pidana pemalsuan akta kelahiran yang digunakan sebagai dasar melakukan jual beli tanah dalam putusan Perkara Nomor 387 K/Pid/2021 terhadap terdakwa adalah didasarkan pada pertimbangan bahwa majelis Hakim menilai bahwa dalam diri terdakwa tidak ditemukan perbuatan melawan hukum dan tanpa hak (yang harus dinilai dari kesengajaan/niat/ pengetahuan akan sifat melawan hukumnya suatu perbuatan pada diri seorang pelaku). Universitas Harapan Medan 2023-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/699 10.35447/jph.v4i1.699 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): JUNI 2023; 12-23 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/699/595 Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/857 2024-01-17T09:09:00Z JPH:ART driver

KEABSAHAN SERTIFIKAT JAMINAN HAK TANGGUNGAN ELEKTRONIK SEBAGAI PELUNASAN KREDIT BERMASALAH Nasution, Ariqah Certificate Validity Mortgage Guarantee Credit Repayment One form of collateral regulated under statutory regulations is a mortgage guarantee right where the object is a movable object based on UUPA number 60 of 1960. Currently, due to developments in science and technology, previously conventional mortgage guarantee certificates have changed to electronic guarantee certificates. mortgage right which is shortened to el certificate. The problem is what is the validity of the electronic mortgage guarantee certificate as collateral for non-performing loans? The research method used in this research is normative legal research or research which is synonymous with library research which is by developments in society. The validity of the electronic mortgage guarantee certificate as evidence for non-performing loans has the same legal force as manual mortgage rights, where the mortgage rights have the same force as a court decision in the event of problematic credit or the debtor defaults. Collateral objects registered based on electronic mortgage rights can be executed as debt repayment to the debtor. This is by the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 2019 concerning Electronic Integrated Mortgage Services, the ITE Law, and several other regulations relating to the validity of electronic documents. Salah satu bentuk jaminan yang diatur berdasarkan Peraturan perundang-undangan adalah hak jaminan tanggungan dimana objekny adalah benda bergerak berdasarkan UUPA nomor 60 tahun 1960. Yang mana saat ini dikarenakan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang tadinya sertifikat jaminan hak tanggungan berbentuk konvensional berubah menjadi sertifikat elektonik jaminan hak tanggungan yang disingkat menjadi sertifikat el. Yang menjaid permasalahnya adalah bagaimana keabsahan sertifikat jaminan hak tanggungan elektronik sebagai jaminan terhadap kredit bermasalah? Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah peneltiian hukum normatif atau penelitian yang sinonim dengan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yang sesuai dengan perkembangan di masyarkat. Bahwa keabsahan sertifikat jaminan hak tanggungan elektronik sebagai alat bukti terhadap kredit bermasalah memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan hak tanggungan manual, dimana hak tanggungan memiliki kekuatan yang sama dengan putusan pengadilan dalam hal terjadi kredit bermasalah atau debitur wanprestasi. Objek jaminan yang didaftarkan berdasarkan hak tanggungan elektronik dapat di eksekusi sebagai pelunas utang di debitur. Hal ini sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan   Pertanahan   Nasional   Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pelayanan Hak Tanggungan Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik, UU ITE dan beberapa peraturan lainnya yang berkaitan dengan keabsahaan dokumen yang berbentuk elektronik. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-01-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/857 10.35447/jph.v4i1.857 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): JUNI 2023; 43-51 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/857/596 Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/858 2024-01-17T09:26:35Z JPH:ART driver

TINJAUAN YURIDIS ANAK KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA DENGAN PELAKU PEDOPHILIA Aulia Siregar, Yunus Harahap, Muslim Ayu Pratitis, Sugih Child Pedophilia Crime Legislation Children are part of the young generation of a nation that has the potential to advance the nation when it grows up. Therefore, children need to be taken seriously. Along with the times, the types of crimes against children are growing. One of them is sexual crimes that are currently rife, which are committed by adults against children or more commonly known as pedophilia. Obscene acts experienced by a child continuously will have a bad impact on the child's physical and psychological development, and it is possible that the child who is a pedophile victim will also become a pedophile in the future. This research is a normative research conducted by collecting primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials through a literature study. The legal materials studied are Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning child protection and the Criminal Code of Law Number 17 of 2016 and legal provisions relating to children. With the existence of legal prosecutors, they can give punishment to perpetrators of sexual crimes against children, considering where the actions of the perpetrators have a bad impact that causes trauma to the victims themselves. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-01-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/858 10.35447/jph.v4i1.858 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): JUNI 2023; 33-42 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/858/597 Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/865 2024-05-27T09:10:45Z JPH:ART driver

PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN DANAU TOBA OLEH MASYARAKAT PENGELOLA KERAMBA JARING APUNG (KJA) Pardosi, Pretty Elisabeth Penegakan Hukum Pidana, Pengelola KJA, Pencemaran Lingkungan Lakes have a significant economic function, namely as a source of clean water which is very important for human needs such as providing drinking water, irrigation, and industrial purposes. One of the lakes owned by Indonesia is Lake Toba.  The community uses the Lake Toba area for agriculture, tourism, and fisheries. Floating net cage (KJA) is one of the freshwater fish farming systems that developed in the Lake Toba area.  The existence of KJA in Lake Toba is able to improve the community's economy resulting in its use increasing from year to year. However, its management has a negative impact on the environment, such as Lake Toba water pollution. This research will examine criminal law enforcement related to the management of Floating Net Cages (KJA) that pollute the environment in Lake Toba and solutions to the problem of managing Floating Net Cages (KJA) that pollute the Lake Toba environment. This research is a normative legal research, which is descriptive (exposure). Normative legal research is a document study, which uses sources of legal material in the form of laws and regulations, court decisions / decrees, contracts / agreements / contracts, legal theories, and opinions of scholars. The results showed that law enforcement of KJA managers who pollute the environment in Lake Toba is still weak, even though there is a legal umbrella that regulates it. Countermeasures can be divided into pre-emptive action, preventive action and repressive action. Pre-emptive action can be done by conducting a Strategic Environmental Assessment (KLHS) program, while preventive action can be done by being selective in granting environmental permits, and repressive action is by imposing strict sanctions in accordance with applicable regulations. Keywords: Criminal Law Enforcement, KJA Management, Environmental Pollution. Danau memiliki fungsi ekonomi yang signifikan, yaitu sebagai sumber air bersih yang sangat penting untuk kebutuhan manusia seperti penyedia air minum, irigasi, dan keperluan industri. Salah satu danau yang dimiliki Indonesia ialah Danau Toba.  Masyarakat menggunakan kawasan Danau Toba untuk kepentingan pertanian, pariwisata, dan perikanan. KJA merupakan salah satu sistem budidaya ikan air tawar yang berkembang di kawasan Danau Toba.  Keberadaan KJA di Danau Toba mampu meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat mengakibatkan penggunannya semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Namun, pengelolaannya menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan, seperti pencemaran air Danau Toba. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji terkait penegakan hukum pidana terhadap pengelola KJA yang melakukan pencemaran lingkungan di Danau Toba dan solusi terhadap permasalahan pengelolaan KJA yang mencemari lingkungan Danau Toba. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normative, yang bersifat deskriptif (pemaparan). Penelitian hukum normatif (legal research) merupakan studi dokumen, yakni menggunakan sumber bahan hukum yang berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, keputusan/ ketetapan pengadilan, kontrak/ perjanjian/ akad, teori hukum, dan pendapat para sarjana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum pengelola KJA yang melakukan pencemaran lingkungan di Danau Toba masih lemah, walaupun telah ada payung hukum yang mengaturnya. Upaya penanggulangannya dapat dibagi menjadi tindakan pre-emptive, tindakan preventif dan tindakan represif. Tindakan pre-emtif dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan program Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KLHS), sedangkan tindakan preventif dapat dilakukan dengan selektif dalam pemberian Ijin lingkungan, serta tindakan represif ialah dengan penjatuhan sanksi tegas sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku. Kata Kunci: Penegakan Hukum Pidana, Pengelola KJA, Pencemaran Lingkungan. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-05-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/865 10.35447/jph.v4i2.865 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023; 12-22 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i2 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/865/636 Copyright (c) 2024 Pretty Elisabeth Pardosi

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/904 2024-05-27T09:10:45Z JPH:ART driver

TINJAUAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP KEPEMILIKAN HEWAN PELIHARAAN YANG MEMBAHAYAKAN ORANG LAIN Sarumaha, Barnabas Yusran Pets, Criminal Code, Harm to Others. Hewan Peliharaan, KUHP, Membahayakan Orang Lain. Having a pet is not a problem as long as it does not violate the law and does not harm others or violate other people's rights. However, many cases occur where pets attack other people and endanger lives. This study aims to examine the legal arrangements regarding pet ownership, the implementation of rules regarding pet ownership and solutions to problems of pet ownership that endanger others. This research is a normative law research. Normative law research uses normative case studies in the form of legal behavior products, for example examining laws. This research is descriptive in nature, namely research that is explanatory in nature, and aims to obtain a complete picture of the state of the law that applies in a particular place, or regarding existing juridical symptoms, or a certain legal event that occurs in society. It was found that pets that endanger the lives of others according to criminal law are included in general criminal offenses and regulated in the Criminal Code. Pet owners can be convicted according to Article 359, Article 360 and Article 490 of the Criminal Code if their pets harm others. Cases of pet ownership endangering others often occur. Whether it is an attack or a bite that causes minor injuries to death. However, most cases are only resolved through compensation. Even though there have been several cases of pet attacks, especially dogs, which have claimed lives. Crime prevention efforts can be broadly divided into two criminal policies, namely through penal channels (criminal law) and through non-penal channels (not / outside of criminal law). Memiliki hewan peliharaan tidak menjadi masalah selama tidak melanggar hukum yang ada serta tidak merugikan orang lain ataupun melanggar hak orang lain. Namun begitu banyak kasus yang terjadi dimana hewan peliharaan menyerang orang lain dan membahayakan nyawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji terkait pengaturan hukum tentang kepemilikan hewan peliharaan, pelaksanaan aturan tentang kepemilikan hewan peliharaan dan solusi terhadap permasalahan kepemilikan hewan peliharaan yang membahayakan orang lain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif (normative law research) menggunakan studi kasus normatif berupa produk perilaku hukum, misalnya mengkaji undang-undang. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, yaitu penelitian yang bersifat pemaparan, dan bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran lengkap tentang keadaan hukum yang berlaku di tempat tertentu, atau mengenai gejala yuridis yang ada, atau suatu peristiwa hukum tertentu yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Diperoleh hasil bahwa hewan peliharaan yang membahayakan nyawa orang lain menurut hukum pidana termasuk dalam tindak pidana umum dan diatur dalam KUHP. Pemilik hewan peliharaan dapat dipidana sesuai berdasarkan pasal 359, pasal 360 dan pasal 490 KUHP bila peliharaannya merugikan orang lain. Kasus kepemilikan hewan peliharaan yang membahayakan orang lain kerap kali terjadi. Baik penyerangan atau gigitan yang menyebabkan luka ringan hingga kematian. Namun, kebanyakan kasus hanya diselesaikan melalui jalur ganti kerugian. Padahal sudah ada beberapa kasus penyerangan hewan peliharaan khususnya anjing yang menelan korban jiwa. Upaya penanggulangan kejahatan secara garis besar dapat dibagi menjadi dua kebijakan kriminal yaitu lewat jalur penal (hukum pidana) dan lewat jalur non penal (bukan /di luar hukum pidana). Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-05-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/904 10.35447/jph.v4i2.904 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023; 1-11 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i2 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/904/638 Copyright (c) 2024 Barnabas Yusran Sarumaha

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/916 2024-11-22T04:46:59Z JPH:ART driver

JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF CHILDREN AS PEOPLE OF THE CRIME OF ONLINE GAMBLING (Case Study in the Legal Area of the Medan Police) ANALISIS YURIDIS ANAK SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PERJUDIAN ONLINE (STUDI KASUS DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLRESTABES MEDAN) Tevin, Dini Rizki Peradilan Anak, Penegakkan Hukum, Perjudian Online Juvenile Justice, Law Enforcement, Online Gambling Gambling conducted online on the internet is regulated in Article 27 paragraph (2) of Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 or hereinafter referred to as the Electronic Information and Transaction Law. The threat to this offense is regulated in Article 45 paragraph (2) of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law. The formulation of the problem in this thesis is how the form of law enforcement by the Medan police station against children as online gambling offenders, what are the factors that cause children to commit online gambling crimes in the Medan police jurisdiction, how are the efforts of the Medan police station in tackling children as online gambling offenders. The writing of this thesis uses empirical legal research methods, commonly referred to as field research or field research, which is a type of research oriented towards collecting empirical data in the field, and analyzed qualitatively. The conclusion of the discussion is that in general, minors who are involved in criminal acts such as online gambling in the Medan Police jurisdiction are due to peer factors, environmental factors, and lack of parental supervision, the form of law enforcement by Medan Police against children as online gambling offenders is by inviting the child's parents and involving bapas, In the preparation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law No. 11 of 2012 adheres to the principle of equality before the law, as well as if the perpetrator is a child, then the child must also be responsible for his actions, no exception for children who commit gambling, countermeasures against cases of children as online gambling offenders carried out by the police, namely preventive, repressive, persuasive, and curative efforts. Perjudian yang dilakukan secara online di internet diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 atau selanjutnya disebut dengan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Ancaman terhadap pelanggaran ini diatur dalam Pasal 45 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Rumusan masalah dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana bentuk penegakkan hukum oleh polrestabes medan terhadap anak sebagai pelaku perjudian online, apakah faktor penyebab terjadinya anak melakukan tindak pidana perjudian online di wilayah hukum polrestabes Medan, bagaimana upaya polrestabes medan dalam menanggulangi anak sebagai pelaku judi online. Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris biasa disebut dengan penelitian lapangan atau field research yaitu jenis penelitian yang berorientasi pada pengumpulan data empiris di lapangan, dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Kesimpulan dari pembahasan adalah secara garis besar anak dibawah umur yang terlibat dalam kasus tindakan kriminal seperti judi online di wilayah Hukum Polrestabes Medan itu dikarenakan faktor teman sebaya, faktor lingkungan, dan kurangnya pengawasan orangtua, bentuk penegakkan hukum oleh Polrestabes Medan terhadap anak sebagai pelaku perjudian online adalah dengan cara mengundang pihak orangtua si anak dan melibatkan bapas, didalam penyusunan Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak No 11 Tahun 2012 menganut asas persamaan dimuka hukum, begitu pula apabila pelakunya adalah seorang anak, maka anak tersebut juga harus mempertanggung jawabkan perbuatannya, tak terkecuali bagi anak yang melakukan tindak perjudian, upaya penanggulangan terhadap kasus anak sebagai pelaku perjudian online yang di lakukan oleh pihak kepolisian, yaitu upaya preventif, represif, persuasif, dan kuratif. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-05-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/916 10.35447/jph.v4i2.916 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023; 24-33 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i2 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/916/639 Copyright (c) 2024 dini rizki tevin

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/920 2024-05-27T09:10:45Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS YURIDIS REKAMAN CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) SEBAGAI ALAT BUKTI TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN DALAM KEADAAN YANG MEMBERATKAN (Studi Putusan Nomor 5/Pid.B/2022/PN.Mdn) Bila, Nabila Nabila CCTV footage evidence theft Rekaman CCTV Alat Bukti Pencurian Evidence in the examination process before trial has an important position in determining whether or not a defendant can be sentenced to a crime. Evidence in criminal procedural law is guided by Articles 183 and 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Evidence in pretrial investigations plays an important role in deciding whether or not a defendant can be punished for committing a crime. Provisions for proving criminal procedural law are regulated in Articles 183 and 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code.Thesis writing uses a normative juridical approach and is descriptive in nature and analyzed qualitatively. As time goes by, there is very rapid development of technology and information and is also supported by advances in science, giving birth to new regulations, namely Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, which regulates electronic activities, including electronic evidence. The conclusion of the discussion is that the legal position of CCTV recordings as evidence in the crime of theft with aggravation in Decision Number 5/Pid.B/2022/PN.Mdn is that CCTV footage is used as one of the supporting evidence provided by the Prosecutor's Office to reveal the crime of theft with aggravation . The position of CCTV in the judge's consideration is included in the category of evidence that provides clues and sheds light on a criminal act committed by the defendant Pembuktian dalam proses pemeriksaan di muka persidangan mempunyai kedudukan yang penting untuk menentukan dapat atau tidaknya seorang terdakwa dijatuhi suatu pidana. Pembuktian dalam Hukum Acara pidana berpedoman pada Pasal 183 dan 184 KUHAP. Alat bukti dalam penyidikan praperadilan memegang peranan penting dalam memutuskan dapat atau tidaknya seorang terdakwa dihukum karena melakukan tindak pidana. Ketentuan pembuktian hukum acara pidana diatur dalam Pasal  183 dan 184 KUHAP. Penulisan skripsi mempergunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dan bersifat deskriptif dengan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Seiring berjalannya waktu, perkembangan teknologi dan informasi sangat pesat, hal ini juga didukung oleh perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan yang mengarah pada peraturan-peraturan baru. yaitu Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik No.19 yang mengatur tentang kegiatan elektronik, termasuk alat bukti elektronik.  Kesimpulan dari pembahasan adalah status hukum rekaman CCTV dalam Putusan Nomor 5/Pid.B/2022/PN.Mdn dalam tindak pidana pencurian berat adalah rekaman CCTV tersebut dijadikan sebagai salah satu alat bukti  yang diserahkan. CCTV. Jaksa mengungkapkan kejahatan pencurian besar-besaran. Status CCTV menurut pertimbangan aparat penegak hukum termasuk dalam kategori alat bukti yang memberi petunjuk dan memperjelas tindak pidana yang dilakukan terdakwa.   Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-05-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/920 10.35447/jph.v4i2.920 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023; 34-41 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i2 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/920/637 Copyright (c) 2024 Nabila Nabila Bila

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/924 2024-05-27T09:10:45Z JPH:ART driver

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN FISIK: Studi Pada UPTD Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak Provinsi Sumatera Utara Hidayah, Azri Amin Perlindungan Hukum, Terhadap Anak, Korban Kekerasan, Fisik Children are the young generation who are one of the human resources who have the potential to carry forward the nation's ideals. Every country is obliged to provide adequate attention and protection to children's rights. Violence often occurs against children, which can be destructive, dangerous and frightening for children. Children who are victims of violence suffer losses, not only material, but also immaterial, such as emotional and psychological shock, which can affect the child's future life. In essence, children cannot protect themselves and various kinds of actions cause mental, physical and social harm in various areas of life and livelihood. This research is normative juridical and empirical juridical legal research as support. Normative juridical research is an approach from the perspective of statutory regulations and legal norms, and case approaches are appropriate to existing problems, while the empirical juridical approach emphasizes research aimed at gaining knowledge of statutory regulations. The legal regulation of criminal acts committed by children is regulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Justice System, which in principle, cases of children in conflict with the law brought in the judicial process are serious cases of a serious nature, and still prioritize the principle of best interests. for children and the punishment process is the last resort without ignoring children's rights. Apart from that, children's cases can be resolved through non-formal mechanisms using a restorative justice approach to fulfill a sense of justice for the victim so that both parties can forgive each other. Anak merupakan generasi muda yang menjadi salah satu sumber daya manusia yang berpotensi untuk meneruskan cita-cita bangsa. Setiap Negara wajib memberikan perhatian serta perlindungan yang cukup terhadap hak anak. Kekerasan sering terjadi terhadap anak, yang dapat merusak, berbahaya dan menakutkan anak. Anak yang menjadi korban kekerasan menderita kerugian, tidak saja bersifat material, tetapi juga bersifat immaterial seperti goncangan emosional dan psikologis, yang dapat mempengaruhi kehidupan masa depan anak. Pada hakikatnya anak tidak dapat melindungi diri sendiri dan berbagai macam tindakan yang menimbulkan kerugian mental, fisik, sosial dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan dan penghidupan. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh si peneliti merupakan penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris sebagai penunjang dalam melakukan penelitian tersebut. Penelitian secara yuridis normatif adalah pendekatan dari segi peraturan perundang–undangan dan norma-norma hukum, dan pendekatan-pendekatan kasus sesuai dengan permasalahan yang ada, sedangkan pendekatan yuridis empiris adalah menekankan penelitian yang bertujuan memperoleh pengetahuan peraturan perundang–undangan. Pengaturan hukum tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak diatur dalam Undang–undang  Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Sistem Peradilan Anak yang pada prinsipnya kasus anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum yang dibawa dalam proses peradilan adalah kasus-kasus berat yang bersifat serius, dan tetap mengedepankan prinsip kepentingan terbaik bagi anak serta proses penghukuman adalah jalan terakhir dengan tetap tidak mengabaikan hak-hak anak. Selain itu kasus-kasus anak dapat diselesaikan melalui mekanisme non formal yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan restorative justice guna memenuhi rasa keadilan bagi korban sehingga kedua belah pihak dapat saling memaafkan. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-05-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/924 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023; 42-50 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v4i2 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/924/635 Copyright (c) 2024 Azri Amin Hidayah

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/964 2025-01-15T05:18:33Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS YURIDIS TINDAK PIDANA PENGGABUNGAN HUKUM PIDANA KASUS BIBI RANDIKA (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 520 K/Pid.Sus/2016): (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 520 K/Pid.Sus/2016) Br Sinaga, Sara Clara Hagata Tindak Pidana, Penggabungan, Hukum Pidana Crime, Merger, Criminal Law Combined criminal offenses are often termed concursus or samenloop. Combination of criminal offenses is the occurrence of two or more criminal offenses by one person where the first criminal offense has not been sentenced, or between the first criminal offense and the next criminal offense has not been limited by a decision. The writing of this thesis uses a library research method to examine secondary data by analyzing the case of Supreme Court Decision Number 520 K/Pid.Sus/2016. This type of research data is secondary data. Primary and secondary legal materials are arranged systematically and analyzed qualitatively. From the results of the research, it is concluded that if a person commits more than one criminal act, only one act can be sentenced, namely the act with the most severe legal threat among other acts. The form of criminal sanction given to the perpetrator of the merger of criminal acts (samenloop van strafbepalingen) in Supreme Court Decision Number 520 K/Pid.Sus/2016 is that the defendant is sentenced to imprisonment for 18 (eighteen) years, and a fine of Rp. 25,000,000.00 (twenty-five million rupiah). Consideration of the combination of criminal offenses (samenloop van strafbepalingen. Gabungan melakukan tindak pidana sering diistilahkan dengan concursus atau samenloop. Perbarengan tindak pidana adalah terjadinya dua atau lebih tindak pidana oleh satu orang dimana tindak pidana yang pertama kali dilakukan belum dijatuhi pidana, atau antara tindak pidana yang pertama dengan tindak pidana berikutnya belum dibatasi oleh suatu putusan. Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research) untuk mentelaah data-data sekunder dengan melakukan analisis kasus putusan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 520 K/Pid.Sus/2016. Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Bahan hukum primer dan sekunder disusun secara sistematis dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa apabila seseorang melakukan lebih dari satu perbuatan pidana maka hanya satu perbuatan saja yang dapat dijatuhi hukuman yakni perbuatan yang ancaman hukumnya paling berat diantara perbuatan yang lainnya. Bentuk sanksi pidana yang diberikan terhadap pelaku penggabungan tindak pidana (samenloop van strafbepalingen) dalam putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 520 K/Pid.Sus/2016 adalah terdakwa dijatuhkan pidana dengan pidana penjara selama 18 (delapan belas) tahun, dan denda sebesar Rp. 25.000.000,00 (dua puluh lima juta rupiah). Pertimbangan penggabungan tindak pidana (samenloop van strafbepalingen). Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/964 10.35447/jph.v5i1.964 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024; 1-10 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/964/695 Copyright (c) 2024 Sara Clara Hagata Br Sinaga

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1007 2025-01-15T05:18:33Z JPH:ART driver

PRAPERADILAN TERHADAP SURAT PERINTAH PENGHENTIAN PENYIDIKAN (SP3) OLEH KEPOLISIAN (Analisis Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 02/Pid.Prap/2020/PN.Ttd) Fauziah, Fauziah Putra Sitorus, Andi Pretrial, SP3, Police. Pretrial Warning Police This pretrial is regulated in Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code, which contains the district court is authorized to examine and decide, in accordance with the provisions stipulated in the law. This writing uses a library research method to examine secondary data and the type of data in this research is secondary data. Primary and secondary legal materials are arranged systematically and analyzed qualitatively. The results of the research show that the legal arrangements governing pretrial in the legal process of criminal cases are regulated in Article 77 to Article 83 of the Criminal Procedure Code and after the issuance of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 21/PUU-XII/2014 added the determination of suspects, searches, and seizures included as pretrial objects. The judge's consideration in examining and deciding the pretrial case of the termination of investigation by the police in the case of embezzlement in office was to grant the pretrial application because the termination of investigation of the criminal case of embezzlement in office had been carried out by the first respondent and second respondent unprocedurally by not carrying out the provisions that had been expressly regulated both in Article 109 paragraphs (1) and (3) of the Criminal Procedure Code and in Article 15 of the National Police Chief Regulation Number 14 of 2012. Praperadilan ini diatur pada Pasal 77 KUHAP, yang berisi pengadilan negeri berwenang untuk memeriksa dan memutus, sesuai dengan ketentuan yang diatur dalam undang-undang. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research) untuk mentelaah data-data sekunder dan jenis data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Bahan hukum primer dan sekunder disusun secara sistematis dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hukum yang mengatur tentang praperadilan dalam proses hukum perkara pidana diatur dalam Pasal 77 sampai Pasal 83 KUHAP dan setelah keluarnya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014 menambah penetapan tersangka, penggeledahan, dan penyitaan termasuk sebagai obyek praperadilan. Pertimbangan hakim dalam memeriksa dan memutus perkara pra peradilan penghentian penyidikan oleh kepolisian dalam perkara penggelapan dalam jabatan adalah mengabulkan permohonan praperadilan disebabkan  penghentian penyidikan atas perkara tindak pidana penggelapan dalam jabatan tersebut telah dilakukan oleh termohon I dan termohon II secara tidak prosedural dengan tidak menjalankan ketentuan yang telah diatur secara tegas baik di dalam Passal 109 ayat (1) dan (3) KUHAP maupun di dalam Passal 15 Peraturan Kapolri Nomor 14 Tahun 2012. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1007 10.35447/jph.v5i1.1007 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024; 11-20 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1007/698 Copyright (c) 2024 Fauziah Fauziah, Andi Putra Sitorus

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1026 2025-01-15T05:18:33Z JPH:ART driver

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PEMILIK ANGKUTAN ATAU TRUK TERHADAP KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS YANG DIAKIBATKAN KETIDAKLAIKAN ANGKUTANNYA Alfattah, Bagas Maulana Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas; Pertanggungjawaban Pidana; Ketidaklaikan Angkutan Traffic accidents are often caused by human factors and transportation inadequacies. Although there are regulations related to roadworthiness testing of motorized vehicles such as trucks, public awareness of the law and law enforcement is still not optimal. This results in unfit trucks continuing to operate and potentially causing accidents. This study aims to examine the legal regulation of traffic accidents due to unseaworthiness of transportation, criminal liability of transportation or truck owners for accidents, and solutions to overcome the increase in traffic accidents. The research method used is normative legal research with a descriptive approach. The findings of this research are two main regulations that regulate criminal acts of traffic accidents, namely the Criminal Code (KUHP) and Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (UULLAJ). The criminal responsibility of the driver of a vehicle that causes death in a traffic accident in Article 359 of the Criminal Code is imprisonment for a maximum of five years or confinement for a maximum of one year, can also be given criminal sanctions as stipulated in Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation articles 310, 311 or 312. Solutions to reduce traffic accidents due to transportation unfitness include preventive measures, such as increasing public awareness, and repressive measures, such as law enforcement by law enforcement officials. Kecelakaan lalu lintas seringkali disebabkan oleh faktor manusia dan ketidaklaikan angkutan. Meskipun telah ada peraturan terkait uji kelaikan jalan kendaraan bermotor seperti truk, namum kesadaran masyarakat terhadap hukum dan penegakan hukum masih belum optimal. Hal ini mengakibatkan truk yang tidak laik tetap beroperasi dan berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji terkait pengaturan hukum terhadap kecelakaan lalu lintas akibat ketidaklaikan angkutan, pertanggungjawaban pidana pemilik angkutan atau truk terhadap kecelakaan, serta solusi untuk mengatasi peningkatan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Temuan penelitian ini dua peraturan utama yang mengatur tindak pidana kecelakaan lalu lintas, yakni Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) dan Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan (UULLAJ). Tanggung jawab pidana pengemudi kendaraan yang mengakibatkan kematian dalam kecelakaan lalu lintas dalam Pasal 359 KUHPidana adalah pidana penjara paling lama lima tahun atau kurungan paling lama satu tahun, dapat juga diberikan sanksi pidana sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No. 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan pasal 310, 311 ataupun 312. Solusi untuk mengurangi kecelakaan lalu lintas akibat ketidaklaikan angkutan meliputi tindakan preventif, seperti meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat, dan tindakan represif, seperti penegakan hukum oleh aparat penegak hukum. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-01-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1026 10.35447/jph.v5i1.1026 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024; 21-34 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1026/699 Copyright (c) 2024 Bagas Maulana Alfattah

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1038 2025-01-20T02:29:42Z JPH:ART driver

HARMONISASI HUKUM TERHADAP MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION PADA PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN Ansor, Ansor Legal Harmonisation Meaningful Participation Laws Harmonisation of laws and regulations on public participation in the formation of laws and regulations is important/urgent to determine the quality of laws promulgated by the DPR together with the President. This is because community participation is not only about participating in the formation of the law but also determining whether the law will be accepted or rejected by the community after it is implemented. The formulation of the problem in this research is How is the basic concept of legal harmonisation of Meaningful Participation in the formation of laws and regulations based on Law Number 13 of 2022. The method of legal research is normative juridical or library legal research (search library), by analysing literature or secondary data relevant to the topic. This research is descriptive analytical, the data obtained and processed and analysed to provide a comprehensive picture of the basic concepts of harmonisation of the principles of meaningful public participation, with data collection methods through document studies. The results of the research show that harmonisation of laws and regulations has been implemented, but only the implementation of the content of Article 96 Paragraph (1) reads: The public has the right to provide input orally and/or in writing in the formation of laws and regulations; The public has the right to provide input orally and/or in writing in the formation of laws and regulations. The content of the article is not carried out perfectly and the legislators only stick to the formal requirements without seeing the urgency of community participation as a benchmark for the acceptance of laws in society. Harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembentukan peraturan-perundang-undangan merupakan hal yang penting/ urgent untuk menentukan kualitas dari undang-undang yang diundangkan oleh DPR Bersama Presiden. Sebab, partisipasi masyarakat ini tidak hanya sekedar ikut serta masyarakat dalam pembentukan tetapi menentukan apakah setelah dijalankan oleh masyarakat bisa berterima atau terjadi penolakan di masyarakat. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah konsep dasar pengharmonisasian hukum terhadap Meaningful Participation dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2022. Metode Penelitian  hukum yuridis normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan (search library), dengan cara menganalisis literatur atau data sekunder yang relevan dengan topik. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis, data yang diperoleh dan diolah serta dianalisis untuk memberikan gambaran menyeluruh mengenai konsep dasar harmonisasi prinsip partisipasi masyarakat yang bermakna, dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harmonisasi peraturan perudang-undangan telah terlaksana hanya saja implementasi terhadap penerapan isi dari Pasal 96 Ayat (1) berbunyi: Masyarakat berhak memberikan masukan secara lisan dan/atau tertulis dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan;  Masyarakat berhak memberikan masukan secara lisan dan/atau tertulis dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Isi dari pasal tersebut tidak dijalankan dengan sempurna dan pembentuk legislasi hanya berpatok kepada syarat formil saja tanpa melihat urgensi dari partisipasi masyarakat sebagi tolok ukur berterimanya undang-undang di masyarakat. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-12-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1038 10.35447/jph.v6i2.1038 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024; 9-16 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1038/701 Copyright (c) 2024 ansor ansor ansor

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1047 2025-01-20T02:30:44Z JPH:ART driver

STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NO. 1650/PDT.G/2017/PA.MKS TENTANG GUGATAN NASABAH YANG MERASA DIRUGIKAN OLEH PROSEDUR LELANG JAMINAN Cahyani, Putri Tri Mukhlas, Oyo Sunaryo Jaminan Lelang Nasabah Putusan This study examines legal issues related to the execution of collateral auctions in the case of Decision No. 1650/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mks, where a customer sued the bank, alleging harm caused by the determination of the auction’s reserve price, which was deemed too low and lacked transparency. The main issue addressed is how the court assessed the lawsuit and to what extent the auction procedures complied with the applicable legal provisions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reasons behind the customer’s perception of harm due to the auction procedures and how the court adjudicated the dispute. The research employs a normative legal method with a literature study approach. The data sources include court decisions, journal articles, legal textbooks, and relevant regulations, such as the Law on Mortgage Rights and the Ministry of Finance Regulations on auction implementation. The findings indicate that the customer's lawsuit was declared inadmissible (Niet Ontvankelijk Verklaard) due to the court's lack of absolute jurisdiction over the dispute. Additionally, the bank's execution of the auction was found to be in compliance with the applicable legal provisions. This study underscores the importance of customers understanding legal procedures and arbitration clauses in Islamic contracts, as well as the need for greater transparency in the execution of auctions by Islamic financial institutions. Penelitian ini membahas isu hukum terkait pelaksanaan lelang barang jaminan dalam kasus Putusan No. 1650/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mks, di mana nasabah menggugat bank karena merasa dirugikan oleh penetapan harga limit lelang yang dianggap terlalu rendah dan kurang transparan. Masalah utama yang diangkat adalah bagaimana pengadilan menilai gugatan tersebut dan sejauh mana prosedur lelang telah sesuai dengan aturan hukum yang berlaku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis alasan nasabah merasa dirugikan oleh prosedur lelang yang dilakukan dan bagaimana pengadilan memberikan putusan dalam sengketa ini. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Sumber data yang digunakan meliputi dokumen putusan pengadilan, artikel jurnal, buku hukum, dan regulasi terkait, seperti Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan dan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan tentang pelaksanaan lelang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gugatan nasabah tidak dapat diterima (Niet Ontvankelijk Verklaard) karena pengadilan tidak memiliki kompetensi absolut untuk memeriksa sengketa ini. Selain itu, pelaksanaan lelang oleh pihak bank dinilai telah sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pemahaman nasabah terhadap prosedur hukum dan klausul arbitrase dalam akad syariah, serta perlunya transparansi yang lebih baik dalam pelaksanaan lelang oleh lembaga keuangan syariah. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-12-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1047 10.35447/jph.v6i2.1047 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024; 1-8 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1047/700 Copyright (c) 2024 Putri Tri Cahyani, Oyo Sunaryo Mukhlas

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1052 2025-01-20T02:27:32Z JPH:ART driver

QUO VADIS: DINAMIKA POLITIK HUKUM PENGESAHAN UNDANG UNDANG PERAMPASAN ASET Purba, Paulus Legql Politics Asset Forfeiture Bill Government The recovery of assets derived from crimes has become one of the urgent and critical issues at the global level in Indonesia, namely to take back assets illegally obtained by and or who are not legally responsible so that the Government and the DPR based on their authority need to ratify the draft law on asset forfeiture immediately into law. The formulation of the problem in this study is How are the dynamics of legal politics in the formation of the draft law on asset forfeiture based on Law Number 13 of 2022 concerning the Formation of Legislation. The research method used is normative juridical law or library legal research (search library), by analysing literature or secondary data relevant to the topic. This research is descriptive analytical, the data obtained and processed and analysed to provide a comprehensive picture of the legal political dynamics that occur between the Government and the DPR in terms of passing the draft law on asset forfeiture into law, with data collection methods through document studies. The results showed that the legal political dynamics that occurred between the Government and the DPR so that the Asset Forfeiture Bill was not passed due to many things, including first: The Asset Forfeiture Bill is contrary to Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights Article 29 Paragraph (1); Second. Political interests of the Government and Parliament; Third. Coordination issues between law enforcement agencies; Fourth. The authority to adjudicate in the judicial system Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-12-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1052 10.35447/jph.v6i2.1052 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024; 17- 26 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1052/702 Copyright (c) 2024 paulus purba paulus

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1053 2025-01-20T02:25:04Z JPH:ART driver

PENGAMPUNAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI: SOLUSI ATAU KEMUNDURAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA Hasibuan, Lawali Pardon Corruption Crime Setback The government's discourse in terms of granting pardons for corrupt crimes has generated a lot of controversy among the public and legal experts in Indonesia whether this democracy has experienced a legal setback because this pardon is not clearly and in detail regulated in Law Number 21 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes because corruption has a different pattern from other criminal offences because criminal offences must be adjusted to the character of the crime. The research method used is normative juridical law or legal research library (search library), by analysing literature or secondary data that is relevant to the topic. This research is descriptive analytical, the data obtained and processed and analysed to provide a comprehensive picture of the forgiveness of corruption crimes regulated in Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning Corruption Crimes with data collection methods through document studies. The results of the study indicate that the pardon of corruption crimes regulated in the TIPIKOR Law is not effective and does not provide legal certainty to be implemented by law enforcement officials because there is no detailed law that regulates guardianship by paying or compensation for corruption crimes that harm state finances. Even if this is implemented by the government, it will experience a setback in democracy in the field of law enforcement and many people will carry out corruption with the assumption that criminal acts can be replaced by fines or refunds for corruption crimes committed. Wacana pemerintah dalam hal pemberian pengampunan terhadap tindak pidana koruptor banyak menuai kontroversi dikalangan masyarakat dan para pakar hukum di Indonesia apakah demokrasi ini mengalami kemunduran hukum sebab pegampuan ini tidak diatur secara jelas dan rinci di Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi sebab, tindak pidana korupsi memiliki pola yang berbeda dengan tindak pidana lainnya dikarenakan tindak pidana harus disesuaikan dengan karakter kejahatannya. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah kepastian hukum terhadap pengampunan tindak pidana korupsi berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Tindak Pidana Pemberantasan Korupsi.Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah hukum yuridis normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan (search library), dengan cara menganalisis literatur atau data sekunder yang relevan dengan topik. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis, data yang diperoleh dan diolah serta dianalisis untuk memberikan gambaran menyeluruh mengenai pengampunan tindak pidana korupsi yang di atur didalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 tahun 2011 tentang Tindak Pidana Korupsi dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengampunan tindak pidana korupsi yang diatur didalam UU TIPIKOR belum efektif dan tidak memberikan kepastian hukum untuk dilaksanakan oleh aparat penegak hukum disebabkan belum ada secara rinci  udang-undang yang mengatur tentang pengampuanan dengan cara membayar atau ganti rugi terhadap tidak pidana korupsi yang merugikan keuangan negara bahkan kalau ini dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah maka akan mengalami kemunduran demokrasi di bidang penegakan hukum dan akan banyak orang yang akan melaksanakan korupsi dengan asumsi bahwa tindak pidana bisa diganti dengan denda atau pengembalian uang atas tidak pidana korupsi yang diperbuat. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-12-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1053 10.35447/jph.v5i1.1053 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024; 27 - 35 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1053/703 Copyright (c) 2024 lawali hasibuan lawali

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1058 2025-01-15T05:18:33Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENIPUAN YANG DILAKUKAN MELALUI MEDIA ELEKTRONIK (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn): Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn Lubis, Dahlia Hawani Undang-Undang, Tindak Pidana Penipuan, Media Elektronik Law, Crime of Fraud, Electronic Media The crime of fraud committed online is specifically regulated in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions which implicitly contains elements that are almost the same as the crime of fraud which is generally regulated in Article 378 of the Criminal Code (KUHP). This study aims to determine the application of criminal law to cases of criminal acts of fraud through electronic media and to determine the judge's consideration in handing down a verdict in Case No. 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn. This type of research is normative juridical research that uses normative case studies in the form of legal behavior products, for example examining laws. This research was conducted at the Medan City Special Class IA District Court. The results of this study indicate that based on the Decision in case Number 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn, the author concludes that the defendant was found guilty of committing an ITE crime which is generally a case of fraud. The article charged by the Public Prosecutor, namely Article 45A paragraph (1) Jo Article 28 paragraph (1) of Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning ITE, has fulfilled all of its elements based on legal facts both through witness testimony, defendant testimony, and evidence and the application of criminal law in Decision Number 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn is appropriate and in accordance with regulations. Tindak pidana penipuan yang dilakukan secara online secara khusus diatur dalam dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang 11 tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik yang secara implisit terdapat unsur yang hampir sama dengan tindak pidana penipuan yang diatur secara umum dalam Pasal 378 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan hukum pidana terhadap perkara tindak pidana penipuan melalui media elektronik dan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan terhadap perkara Putusan Nomor 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif yang menggunakan studi kasus normatif berupa produk perilaku hukum, misalnya mengkaji undang-undang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas IA Khusus Kota Medan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan Putusan dalam perkara Nomor 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa terdakwa terbukti bersalah melakukan tindak pidana ITE yang pada umumnya merupakan kasus penipuan. Pasal yang didakwakan Penuntut Umum yaitu Pasal 45A ayat (1) Jo Pasal 28 ayat (1) UU No. 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang ITE telah terpenuhi semua unsur-unsurnya yang didasarkan pada fakta-fakta hukum baik melalui keterangan-keterangan saksi, keterangan terdakwa, maupun alat-alat bukti dan penerapan hukum pidana pada Putusan Nomor 2378/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn sudah tepat dan sesuai peraturan. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-01-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1058 10.35447/jph.v5i1.1058 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024; 35-44 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1058/696 Copyright (c) 2024 Dahlia Hawani Lubis

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1059 2025-01-15T05:18:33Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENEBANGAN LIAR HUTAN PRODUKSI ALUR LEBAH DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Stabat No. 107/Pid.B/LH/2021 /PN STB): Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Stabat No. 107/Pid.B/LH/2021 /PN STB Nabila, Raihan Penebangan Liar, UU No. 18 Tahun 2013, Pengaturan Penegakan Hukum Illegal Logging, Law No. 18 Year 2013, Law Enforcement Arrangements Forests are vital natural resources that provide oxygen, habitat and maintain ecosystem balance. However, unlawful illegal logging threatens forest sustainability, causing environmental damage and significant economic losses. In Indonesia, despite regulations to tackle this practice, illegal logging remains widespread, fueled by corruption and weak law enforcement. The economic impact of illegal logging is also significant. Despite being considered an illegal activity, the trade in illegally logged timber reaches a huge value in the global market. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence illegal logging and its impacts, especially through Supreme Court case Number 107/Pid.B/LH/2021. The research method used is a normative and analytical approach, using data obtained from literature studies, analysis of legal documents, and review of court decisions. Primary sources included laws and court decisions, while secondary sources included academic literature and research reports. Qualitative methods were used to explore in-depth perspectives on the impacts of illegal logging. The results confirm that illegal logging has far-reaching impacts on the environment and society. As stipulated in Law No. 18/2013 on Illegal Logging, stricter law enforcement, strengthened regulations, as well as increased public awareness are needed to tackle this illegal practice, so that the sustainability of forest ecosystems and natural resource management can be maintained. Hutan adalah sumber daya alam vital yang menyediakan oksigen, habitat, dan menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Namun, penebangan liar yang melanggar hukum mengancam keberlanjutan hutan, menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan dan kerugian ekonomi yang signifikan. Di Indonesia, meskipun ada regulasi untuk menanggulangi praktik ini, penebangan liar masih meluas, dipicu oleh korupsi dan lemahnya penegakan hukum. Dampak ekonomi dari penebangan liar juga signifikan. Meskipun dianggap sebagai kegiatan ilegal, perdagangan kayu hasil penebangan liar mencapai nilai yang sangat besar di pasar global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penebangan liar dan dampaknya, terutama melalui kasus Mahkamah Agung Nomor 107/Pid.B/LH/2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah pendekatan normatif dan analitis, dengan menggunakan data yang diperoleh dari studi literatur, analisis dokumen hukum, dan kajian terhadap putusan pengadilan. Sumber primer meliputi undang-undang dan putusan pengadilan, sementara sumber sekunder mencakup literatur akademis dan laporan penelitian. Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk menggali perspektif mendalam mengenai dampak penebangan liar. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menegaskan bahwa penebangan liar berdampak luas pada lingkungan dan masyarakat. Sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No. 18 Tahun 2013 tentang Penebangan liar, Penegakan hukum yang lebih ketat, penguatan regulasi, serta peningkatan kesadaran publik diperlukan untuk mengatasi praktik ilegal ini, sehingga keberlanjutan ekosistem hutan dan pengelolaan sumber daya alam dapat terjaga. Universitas Harapan Medan 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1059 10.35447/jph.v5i1.1059 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024; 45-54 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i1 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1059/697 Copyright (c) 2024 Raihan Nabila

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1067 2025-01-31T03:01:58Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS REGULASI PINJOL PADA SENGKETA KONSUMEN YANG BERBASIS KEADILAN Siagian, Asman Rahmadany, Rahmadany Istiawati, Sri Regulasi_Pinjol; Sengketa_Konsumen; Keadilan; Fintech; Perlindungan_Konsumen This study analyzes online lending regulations (pinjol) in the context of justice-based consumer dispute resolution in Indonesia. The increasing number of consumer dispute cases in the financial technology (fintech) lending industry, especially online loans, shows a gap between existing regulations and their implementation in the field. Using a normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of pinjol regulations in resolving consumer disputes and identify aspects that need to be strengthened to create a more equitable dispute resolution. Data were collected through literature studies and analysis of regulatory documentation related to pinjol and consumer protection. The results of the study indicate that existing pinjol regulations have not been fully able to provide optimal protection for consumers in resolving disputes. There are three main findings that are the main points that need to be highlighted: (1) there is still a lack of clarity regarding effective and efficient dispute resolution mechanisms, (2) weak supervision of unethical collection practices, and (3) lack of harmonization of regulations between relevant authorities in handling pinjol consumer disputes. This study recommends the need to strengthen regulations through: improving dispute resolution mechanisms, increasing supervision, and harmonization of regulations between relevant institutions. The theoretical implications of this study contribute to the development of a fintech regulatory concept that is more oriented towards consumer protection, while its practical implications provide input for policy makers in perfecting more equitable online loan regulations that favor the wider community. Penelitian ini menganalisis regulasi pinjaman online (pinjol) dalam konteks penyelesaian sengketa konsumen yang berbasis keadilan di Indonesia. Maraknya kasus sengketa konsumen dalam industri financial technology (fintech) lending, khususnya pinjaman online, menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara regulasi yang ada dengan implementasinya di lapangan. Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas regulasi pinjol dalam menyelesaikan sengketa konsumen serta mengidentifikasi aspek-aspek yang perlu diperkuat untuk menciptakan penyelesaian sengketa yang lebih berkeadilan. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan analisis dokumentasi regulasi terkait pinjol dan perlindungan konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regulasi pinjol yang ada belum sepenuhnya mampu memberikan perlindungan optimal bagi konsumen dalam penyelesaian sengketa. Terdapat tiga temuan utama yang menjadi pokok yang perlu disoroti : (1) masih terdapat ketidakjelasan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif dan efisien, (2) lemahnya pengawasan terhadap praktik penagihan yang tidak sesuai etika, dan (3) kurangnya harmonisasi regulasi antara otoritas terkait dalam penanganan sengketa konsumen pinjol. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya penguatan regulasi melalui: penyempurnaan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa, peningkatan pengawasan, dan harmonisasi regulasi antar lembaga terkait. Implikasi teoretis penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan konsep regulasi fintech yang lebih berorientasi pada perlindungan konsumen, sedangkan implikasi praktisnya memberikan masukan bagi pemangku kebijakan dalam menyempurnakan regulasi pinjol yang lebih berkeadilan yang berpihak kepada masyarakat luas Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-01-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1067 10.35447/jph.v5i2.1067 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024; 36-46 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v5i2 ind https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1067/712 Copyright (c) 2025 Asman Siagian, Rahmadany Rahmadany, Sri Istiawati

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1117 2026-01-27T04:37:09Z JPH:ART driver

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1132 2026-01-21T05:23:04Z JPH:ART driver

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST ELECTRONIC TRANSACTION CRIMES USING THE PHISHING METHOD (Decision of Study Number: 764/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Pbr) PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP KEJAHATAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PHISHING (Studi Putusan Nomor: 764/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Pbr) Hamd, Mujahid Phishing Electronic Transaction Crimes Law Enforcement Phishing Kejahatan Transaksi Elektronik Penegakan Hukum Phishing is a rapidly evolving crime that threatens the security of electronic transactions in Indonesia. This act involves deceptive methods aimed at illegally obtaining personal and financial information, typically by exploiting fraudulent emails or websites. From a legal perspective, phishing has the potential to undermine public trust in digital systems. Its impact is not only felt by individual victims but can also affect social stability and the integrity of the legal system as a whole. This research aims to analyze law enforcement and the legal regulations governing phishing, including provisions in the KUHP and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). By examining Case Decision Number 764/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Pbr, this study identifies various challenges faced by law enforcement in implementing existing regulations. The research employs a normative legal approach with descriptive analysis, aiming to identify issues and provide recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement. The findings are expected to contribute new insights for improving the legal system in Indonesia and strengthening oversight mechanisms to prevent the recurrence of phishing incidents in the future. Phishing merupakan tindak pidana yang perkembangannya pesat dan mengancam keamanan transaksi elektronik di Indonesia. Tindakan ini dilakukan melalui metode penipuan yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi pribadi dan finansial secara ilegal, biasanya dengan memanfaatkan email atau website yang palsu. Dari perspektif hukum, phishing berpotensi merusak kepercayaan publik terhadap sistem digital. Dampaknya tidak hanya dirasakan oleh individu yang menjadi korban, tetapi juga dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas sosial dan integritas sistem hukum secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penegakan hukum dan peraturan hukum yang mengatur phishing, termasuk ketentuan yang terdapat dalam KUHP dan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE). Dengan mengkaji Putusan Nomor 764/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Pbr, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi oleh penegak hukum dalam melaksanakan peraturan yang ada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan analisis deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah dan memberikan rekomendasi guna meningkatkan efektivitas penegakan hukum. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi baru untuk perbaikan sistem hukum di Indonesia serta memperkuat mekanisme pengawasan untuk mencegah terulangnya kasus phishing di masa mendatang. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1132 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025; 21-35 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1132/776 Copyright (c) 2025 Mujahid Hamd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1188 2026-01-27T04:29:54Z JPH:ART driver

EFEKTIVITAS PERJANJIAN BAGI HASIL TANAH GARAPAN DI WILAYAH PEDESAAN NTB: KAJIAN YURIDIS DAN SOSIOLOGIS Prayuda, Hilman Oral Agreement, Sharecropping, Farmers, Civil Law, Customary Law. This study evaluates the practice of sharecropping agreements between tenant farmers and landowners in rural areas of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), which are generally conducted orally based on longstanding traditions and local values. These agreements are often made informally without written documentation, relying primarily on trust and established social relationships between the parties. The main objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness and legal validity of oral sharecropping agreements within the framework of national civil law, while also considering the dynamics of customary law (adat) as it operates in local communities. Employing a juridical-empirical approach, this study examines relevant legal instruments, including the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and Law No. 2 of 1960 concerning Sharecropping Agreements, alongside field data obtained through interviews and direct observation in the villages of Puyung and Ketare (Central Lombok) and Suralaga (East Lombok). The findings indicate that oral sharecropping agreements are legally valid under Article 1320 of the Civil Code, provided they meet the essential elements of consent, legal capacity, a specific object, and a lawful cause. However, such agreements are significantly weak in terms of evidentiary value in dispute resolution and fail to provide sufficient legal protection for farmers, who are typically the more vulnerable party socially and economically. This imbalance creates inequality in the legal relationship between farmers and landowners. Therefore, the study recommends the implementation of simple formalization measures through local registration or village records, and the strengthening of customary legal institutions via village-based regulations, to ensure legal certainty and substantive justice for all parties involved in agrarian agreements. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-07-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1188 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025; 1-11 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1188/775 Copyright (c) 2025 Hilman Prayuda http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1193 2026-01-21T05:23:04Z JPH:ART driver

PRINSIP RESTORATIVE JUSTICE PADA DIVERSI DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA ANAK SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA Anshorullah, Anshorullah Diversion Diversion, Restorative Justice Children in Conflict with the Law Law Number 11 of 2012 Child Protection The increase in cases of children in conflict with the law in Indonesia underscores the importance of a more humane approach to law enforcement. This study examines the implementation of the restorative justice principle in diversion practices for children as perpetrators of criminal acts, focusing on the case study of Medan District Court Decision Number 26/Pid.Sus-Anak/2019/PN Mdn. This research uses a normative juridical method with a case study approach to assess the extent to which the principle of diversion is applied to protect children's rights within the criminal justice system. The findings reveal that although Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (UU SPPA) regulates diversion mechanisms, its implementation in the field still faces challenges, particularly regarding coordination among law enforcement officers and public understanding of children’s rights. The decision in this case successfully used diversion as a means of rehabilitation without stigmatizing the child, although there were limitations in resources and social support. This research is expected to encourage better understanding and consistent application of restorative justice principles in handling child cases in Indonesia. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-07-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1193 10.35447/jph.v6i1.1193 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025; 36-49 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1193/781 Copyright (c) 2025 Anshorullah Anshorullah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1194 2026-01-21T05:23:04Z JPH:ART driver

TRANSFORMASI PARADIGMA HUKUM PERTANAHAN DI INDONESIA: DARI PENDEKATAN REPRESIF MENUJU PARTISIPATIF Rendy Renaldy Land Law Repressive Approach Participatory Agrarian Conflict Indigenous Peoples The paradigm of land law in Indonesia faces significant challenges due to the dominance of a repressive approach in land management and control by the state. This approach often disregards community participation and the rights of indigenous peoples, leading to prolonged agrarian conflicts. This study aims to analyze the transformation of land law from a repressive approach to a more participatory and just legal framework. The research employs a normative juridical method combined with historical and sociological approaches, analyzing legislation, legal documents, and case studies of agrarian conflicts. The findings indicate that transforming land law requires structural and institutional changes, recognition of indigenous collective rights, and active community involvement in all stages of land policy. This paradigm shift is essential in developing a democratic, transparent, and community-oriented land law system. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1194 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025; 36-43 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1194/784 Copyright (c) 2025 Rendy Renaldy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1251 2026-01-27T09:24:20Z JPH:ART driver

KAPASITAS PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA DALAM MENGADILI SENGKETA PEMILIHAN UMUM Abdul, Samsul Administrative Court Electoral Process Disputes State Administrative Decisions Legal Certainty Constitutional Democracy This study aims to analyze the position and role of the Administrative Court (Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara/PTUN) in resolving electoral process disputes arising from administrative decisions issued by election management bodies, particularly the General Election Commission (Komisi Pemilihan Umum/KPU) and the Election Supervisory Body (Badan Pengawas Pemilu/Bawaslu). The main issue addressed concerns the extent of PTUN’s authority to review the legality of State Administrative Decisions in the electoral context in ensuring the protection of political rights of election participants and providing legal certainty throughout the electoral stages. This research employs a normative legal research method, using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by an analysis of relevant court decisions and jurisprudence. The findings indicate that PTUN plays a strategic role in controlling the legality of administrative actions of election organizers in accordance with the principles of good governance, and significantly contributes to strengthening the legitimacy and credibility of democratic elections. Therefore, PTUN serves as an essential legal instrument in safeguarding legal certainty, maintaining the neutrality of election management bodies, and protecting the constitutional rights of citizens within the democratic process. Universitas Harapan Medan 2026-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1251 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 83-96 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1251/823 Copyright (c) 2026 Samsul Abdul http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1267 2026-01-27T10:14:30Z JPH:ART driver

PUTUSAN MK NOMOR 135/PUU-XXII/2024 DALAM PERSPEKTIF RADBRUCH: TEGANGAN ANTARA KEADILAN DAN LEGALITAS Khanifah, Anidaul Thaqwim, Shanita Nuraini Constitutional Court legality, substantive justice Radbruch judicial review term extension The Constitutional Court Decision No. 135/PUU-XXII/2024 introduces a separation between national and regional elections, allowing for a 2–2.5 year gap. This decision opens up space for the extension of regional executive terms or the extension of the appointment of implementing officials without electoral legitimacy, thus creating a constitutional dilemma between formal legality and substantive justice within the Indonesian legal framework. This research uses a normative juridical method with descriptive-qualitative analysis. The analysis shows that this decision reflects a shift in the role of the Constitutional Court from a negative legislator to a positive legislator, raising concerns about constitutional violations and judicial inconsistencies. Furthermore, when examined using Gustav Radbruch's theory of legal objectives, namely justice, certainty, and benefit, that when viewed from a justice perspective, this decision can cause voter fatigue or voter fatigue which ultimately reduces the quality of political participation and the most problematic impact is extending the term of office of regional heads or the appointment of regional heads. So constitutionally it raises serious concerns regarding violations of Article 22E (1) of the 1945 Constitution which states that elections must be held in a Direct, General, Free, Secret, Honest, and Fair manner, within a period of 5 years. Furthermore, seen from the perspective of legal certainty, this decision opens up room for uncertainty because it requires major revisions to the Election Law and the Regional Election Law. Election organizers such as the KPU and Bawaslu must adjust systems, budgets, and technical regulations that do not yet have a clear operational basis. Then, if seen from the perspective of legal benefits, the separation between National Elections and Regional Elections has the potential to create a greater fiscal burden because the state must organize two electoral processes. Universitas Harapan Medan 2026-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1267 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 72-82 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1267/818 Copyright (c) 2026 Anidaul Khanifah, Shanita Nuraini Thaqwim http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1275 2026-01-27T10:17:59Z JPH:ART driver

ANALISIS PENYALAHGUNAAN TROTOAR OLEH PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI KOTA BOGOR DALAM HUKUM TATA RUANG Al Miski, Yusran Ramadhan, Muhamad Rizki Juniar, Fajar putri, gisca amalia putra, Satria manggala Permasari, Nur Lailla Rizkia, Shalima Nayla Akmal, Syauqi al gifari Josadi, Ilyas Josadi Purwanto, Muhammad Iqbal Sidewalk abuse Law enforcement Sidewalk regulation Public comfort Sidewalk abuse in Bogor City has become a serious problem and interferes with the comfort and safety of pedestrians. This study examines the legal aspects regarding the use of sidewalks that deviate from their function, such as by street vendors, parked motor vehicles, and other activities that cause obstacles for pedestrians. With a normative approach and juridical study, this study examines related laws and regulations, law enforcement, and challenges in their implementation in the field. The results of the study show that there is still weak supervision and legal sanctions applied, so that the abuse of sidewalks continues. This study recommends increasing regulations, strict law enforcement, and public education to restore the function of sidewalks as safe and comfortable facilities for pedestrians in Bogor City. Universitas Harapan Medan 2026-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1275 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 111-120 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1275/821 Copyright (c) 2026 Yusran Al Miski, Muhamad Rizki Ramadhan, Fajar Juniar, gisca amalia putri, Satria manggala putra, Nur Lailla Permasari, Shalima Nayla Rizkia, Syauqi al gifari Akmal, Ilyas Josadi Josadi, Muhammad Iqbal Purwanto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1277 2026-01-27T10:16:22Z JPH:ART driver

TINJAUAN HUKUM PENEGAKAN HAK RESTITUSI TERHADAP KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN: Studi Kasus Nomor 1127/Pid.B/2023/PN Medan Bevindra, Aldo restitution crime victims assault Restorative Justice Legal Protection This research aims to analyze the mechanism for enforcing the right to restitution for victims of assault crimes, the legal regulations governing such rights, and the legal considerations of the judge in Decision Number 1127/Pid.B/2023/PN Mdn. The study employs a normative juridical research method using statutory and case approaches, with data collected through library research involving primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials.The results indicate that the mechanism for enforcing the right to restitution for victims of assault crimes has been comprehensively regulated under Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2022 concerning the Procedures for Handling and Granting Restitution and Compensation to Crime Victims, and Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning the Protection of Witnesses and Victims. Restitution serves as a form of the offender’s responsibility to compensate for the material and immaterial losses suffered by the victim. In Decision Number 1127/Pid.B/2023/PN Mdn, the judge considered principles of restorative justice and proportionality in determining the amount of restitution to be paid by the defendant.The study concludes that the legal framework on restitution provides a sufficient basis for victim protection, yet its implementation still faces challenges, including limited understanding among law enforcement officers and the suboptimal role of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK). Therefore, stronger institutional coordination and enhanced restitution mechanisms are required to ensure that victims’ rights are fulfilled effectively and fairly.Keywords: restitution, crime victims, assault, restorative justice, legal protection. Universitas Harapan Medan 2026-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1277 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 97-110 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1277/820 Copyright (c) 2026 Aldo Bevindra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1281 2026-01-27T09:24:19Z JPH:ART driver

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI INVESTOR TERHADAP KERENTANAN SISTEM PADA PERDAGANGAN SAHAM BERBASIS AI wildayanti, wildayanti Rehulina, Rehulina Legal Protection Investors , Artificial Intelligence Capital Markets System Security Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based stock trading is a technological innovation that has transformed the way investors interact with the capital market. Algorithmic and machine learning-based systems enable automated decision-making with high speed and accuracy. However, this development also presents new challenges in the form of cybersecurity risks, algorithmic bias, and the potential for market manipulation that have not been fully addressed by legal regulations in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the forms of legal protection for investors regarding the vulnerabilities of AI-based stock trading systems and to evaluate the effectiveness of regulations implemented by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach, through an analysis of the Capital Market Law, the Consumer Protection Law, and OJK Regulations concerning electronic systems in the financial sector. The results show that although a basic legal framework for investor protection is in place, protection mechanisms against risks stemming from AI technology failures remain unspecified. Therefore, regulatory updates based on risk governance and an AI accountability framework are needed to create legal certainty and secure digital trading systems in the future. Universitas Harapan Medan 2026-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1281 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 58-71 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1281/822 Copyright (c) 2026 wildayanti wildayanti, Rehulina Rehulina http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1283 2026-01-29T09:16:09Z JPH:ART driver

TANTANGAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA TERHADAP PENCEMARAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP POLLUTER PAYS HUKUMasi Prinsip Polluter Pays Hukum Silitonga, Saritua Lubis, Muhammad Dhobit Azhary Environmental law enforcement industrial waste pollution environmental crime polluter pays principle environmental justice Environmental law enforcement in Indonesia continues to face significant challenges in addressing criminal offenses related to industrial waste pollution. Although the Polluter Pays Principle has been formally incorporated into Indonesia’s environmental legal framework, its practical implementation remains inconsistent and often ineffective in ensuring environmental justice and deterrence. This study aims to examine the enforcement of environmental law in cases of industrial waste pollution by analyzing the extent to which the Polluter Pays Principle is applied within legal and policy discourses. Employing a qualitative approach, this research integrates normative–empirical legal analysis with critical discourse analysis of environmental regulations, court decisions, and policy documents. Data were collected through systematic legal document review and case-based analysis of industrial pollution incidents with criminal and administrative implications. The findings reveal a substantial gap between regulatory norms and enforcement practices, particularly in the allocation of environmental restoration costs to polluters. Moreover, the legal and policy language used in regulatory instruments and judicial reasoning tends to weaken the operational role of the Polluter Pays Principle as a mechanism of environmental accountability. This study underscores the urgency of strengthening environmental law enforcement through regulatory harmonization, consistent sanctioning mechanisms, and the reconstruction of legal discourse toward ecological justice and sustainable development. The results contribute both theoretically and practically to the advancement of environmental governance and law enforcement reform in Indonesia. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-12-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1283 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 131-140 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1283/827 Copyright (c) 2025 Saritua Silitonga, Muhammad Dhobit Azhary Lubis http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1284 2026-01-28T02:32:21Z JPH:ART driver

PERLINDUNGAN SUNGAI SEBAGAI RUANG EKOLOGIS PUBLIK DALAM PENEGAKAN TINDAK PIDANA LINGKUNGAN Muhammad Dhobit Azhary Lubis Silitonga, Saritua River protection public ecological space environmental crime criminal law enforcement right to a healthy environment Rivers constitute public ecological spaces that play a strategic role in environmental sustainability and in fulfilling the public’s right to a good and healthy environment. However, in practice, rivers in Indonesia continue to face serious threats from pollution and environmental degradation caused by human activities that are not yet effectively addressed through environmental criminal law enforcement. This study aims to analyze the protection of rivers as public ecological spaces within the framework of environmental criminal law enforcement and to assess its contribution to the fulfillment of the right to a healthy environment. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches, particularly through the analysis of court decisions related to river pollution. The findings indicate that, normatively, environmental regulations provide an adequate legal foundation for river protection; nevertheless, their implementation remains constrained by challenges in evidence gathering, the application of corporate criminal liability, and inconsistencies in sentencing practices. The study further reveals that the integration of environmental criminal law enforcement with an ecological restorative approach has significant potential to strengthen river protection and promote ecological recovery. Therefore, this research emphasizes the importance of reinforcing environmental criminal law enforcement as a strategic instrument to safeguard rivers as public ecological spaces and to ensure the public’s right to a good and healthy environment. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-12-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1284 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025; 121-130 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1284/826 Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Dhobit Azhary Lubis, Saritua Silitonga http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.jurnal.harapan.ac.id:article/1289 2026-01-28T10:00:12Z JPH:ART driver

TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PENYALAHGUNAAN DANA RETRIBUSI SAMPAH DI PERCUT SEI TUAN Studi Putusan No: 94/Pid.Sus.TPK/2022/PN.Mdn Maghfirah Haitami Corruption Misuse of Funds Criminal Provisions Corruption is a serious problem that hinders development and harms society. Misuse of waste retribution funds that should be used to improve the quality of waste management services is often allocated in a non-transparent and unaccountable manner, resulting in significant losses for society and the environment. Waste retribution, which should be used to improve the quality of waste management services, is often allocated in a non-transparent and unaccountable manner. This study examines corruption in Indonesia using a normative legal research method, which focuses on the analysis of legal norms governing the eradication of corruption. The implementation of the law often faces various challenges, including the lack of coordination between law enforcement agencies, complex bureaucracy, and the ongoing culture of impunity. This study concludes that the provisions for criminalizing corruption in Indonesia, as regulated in Law No. 31 of 1999, provide an important legal framework for eradicating corruption. The implementation of the corruption law faces various challenges, including the lack of synergy between law enforcement agencies and a complex bureaucracy. Analysis of the misuse of retribution funds shows that Corruption in the management of funds harms society and worsens the quality of public services. The effectiveness of criminalizing corruption requires reforms that include increasing the capacity of law enforcement agencies, strengthening oversight mechanisms, and public education regarding participation in preventing corruption. Universitas Harapan Medan 2025-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1289 Jurnal Perspektif Hukum; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025; 12-21 2716-5027 2715-8888 10.35447/jph.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.harapan.ac.id/index.php/JPH/article/view/1289/829 Copyright (c) 2026 Maghfirah Haitami http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0